{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T19:26:42Z","timestamp":1780687602808,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Patt. Recogn. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper describes the development of an algorithm for verification of signatures written on a touch-sensitive pad. The signature verification algorithm is based on an artificial neural network. The novel network presented here, called a \u201cSiamese\u201d time delay neural network, consists of two identical networks joined at their output. During training the network learns to measure the similarity between pairs of signatures. When used for verification, only one half of the Siamese network is evaluated. The output of this half network is the feature vector for the input signature. Verification consists of comparing this feature vector with a stored feature vector for the signer. Signatures closer than a chosen threshold to this stored representation are accepted, all other signatures are rejected as forgeries. System performance is illustrated with experiments performed in the laboratory. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218001493000339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,22]],"date-time":"2004-11-22T22:29:30Z","timestamp":1101162570000},"page":"669-688","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1383,"title":["SIGNATURE VERIFICATION USING A \u201cSIAMESE\u201d TIME DELAY NEURAL NETWORK"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"07","author":[{"given":"JANE","family":"BROMLEY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JAMES W.","family":"BENTZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"},{"name":"NCR Corporation, E&amp;M Atlanta, 2651 Satellite Boulevard, Duluth, GA 30136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00c9ON","family":"BOTTOU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ISABELLE","family":"GUYON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YANN","family":"LECUN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CLIFF","family":"MOORE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"},{"name":"NCR Corporation, E&amp;M Atlanta, 2651 Satellite Boulevard, Duluth, GA 30136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EDUARD","family":"S\u00c4CKINGER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ROOPAK","family":"SHAH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"container-title":["International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218001493000339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T22:12:49Z","timestamp":1565129569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0218001493000339"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218001493000339"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218001493000339","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}}}