{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T09:07:11Z","timestamp":1722330431849},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J CIRCUIT SYST COMP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper describes a full-custom mixed-signal chip that embeds digitally programmable analog parallel processing and distributed image memory on a common silicon substrate. The chip was designed and fabricated in a standard 0.5 \u03bcm CMOS technology and contains approximately 500 000 transistors. It consists of 1024 processing units arranged into a 32\u00d732 grid. Each processing element contains two coupled CNN cores, thus, constituting two parallel layers of 32\u00d732 nodes. The functional features of the chip are in accordance with the 2nd Order Complex Cell CNN-UM architecture. It is composed of two CNN layers with programmable inter- and intra-layer connections between cells. Other features are: cellular, spatial-invariant array architecture; randomly selectable memory of instructions; random storage and retrieval of intermediate images. The chip is capable of completing algorithmic image processing tasks controlled by the user-selected stored instructions. The internal analog circuitry is designed to operate with 7-bits equivalent accuracy. The physical implementation of a CNN containing second order cells allows real-time experiments of complex dynamics and active wave phenomena. Such well-known phenomena from the reaction\u2013diffusion equations are traveling waves, autowaves, and spiral-waves. All of these active waves are demonstrated on-chip. Moreover this chip was specifically designed to be suitable for the computation of biologically inspired retina models. These computational experiments have been carried out in a developmental environment designed for testing and programming the analogic (analog-and-logic) programmable array processors. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126603001112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,5]],"date-time":"2004-04-05T06:20:39Z","timestamp":1081146039000},"page":"691-710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["EXPLORATION OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DYNAMIC PHENOMENA IN A 32\u00d732-CELL STORED PROGRAM TWO-LAYER CNN UNIVERSAL MACHINE CHIP PROTOTYPE"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"ISTV\u00c1N","family":"PETR\u00c1S","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Analogical and Neural Computing Laboratory,  Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,  Kende u.11, Budapest, 1111, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CSABA","family":"REKECZKY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analogical and Neural Computing Laboratory,  Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,  Kende u.11, Budapest, 1111, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TAM\u00c1S","family":"ROSKA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analogical and Neural Computing Laboratory,  Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences,  Kende u.11, Budapest, 1111, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RICARDO","family":"CARMONA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla-CNM-CSIC, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FRANCISCO","family":"JIM\u00c9NEZ-GARRIDO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla-CNM-CSIC, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANGEL","family":"RODR\u00cdGUEZ-V\u00c1ZQUEZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla-CNM-CSIC, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/81.739186"},{"key":"rf4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/82.222815"},{"key":"rf5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/31.7600"},{"key":"rf6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/31.7601"},{"key":"rf7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/81.222795"},{"key":"rf8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cta.191"},{"key":"rf9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-007X(199605\/06)24:3<341::AID-CTA920>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"rf10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.56205"},{"key":"rf11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0262-8856(90)80008-H"},{"key":"rf12","volume":"14","author":"Nitzberg M.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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