{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T15:46:49Z","timestamp":1649000809149},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J CIRCUIT SYST COMP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In this paper, a wide input range supply voltage tolerant capacitive sensor readout circuit using on-chip solar cell is presented. Based on capacitance controlled oscillators (CCOs) for ultra-low voltage\/power consumption, the sensor readout circuit is directly powered by the on-chip solar cell to improve the overall system energy efficiency. An extended sensing range with high sensing accuracy is achieved using a two-step successive approximation register (SAR) and delta-sigma ([Formula: see text]) analog-to-digital (A\/D) conversion (ADC) scheme. Digital controls are generated on-chip using a customized sub-threshold digital standard cell library. Systematic error analysis and optimization including the finite switch on-resistance, buffer input-dependent delay, and SAR quantization nonlinearity are also outlined. High power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is ensured by using a pseudo-differential topology with ratiometric readout. The complete sensing system is implemented using a standard 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. Simulation results show that the readout circuit achieves a wide input range from 1.5[Formula: see text]pF to 6.5[Formula: see text]pF with a worst case PSRR of 0.5% from 0.3[Formula: see text]V to 0.42[Formula: see text]V (0.67% from 0.3[Formula: see text]V to 0.6[Formula: see text]V). With a 3.5[Formula: see text]pF input capacitance and a 0.3[Formula: see text]V supply, the [Formula: see text] stage achieves a resolution of 7.1-bit (corresponding to a capacitance of 2.2[Formula: see text]fF\/LSB) with a conversion frequency of 371[Formula: see text]Hz. With an average power consumption of 40[Formula: see text]nW and a sampling frequency of 47.5[Formula: see text]kHz, a figure-of-merit (FoM) of 0.78[Formula: see text]pJ\/conv-step is achieved. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126616400065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T16:17:55Z","timestamp":1444753075000},"page":"1640006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wide Input Range Supply Voltage Tolerant Capacitive Sensor Readout Using On-Chip Solar Cell"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Suyan","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Man-Kay","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingzhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chio-In","family":"Ieong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pui-In","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"},{"name":"Department of ECE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui P.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Department, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"},{"name":"Department of ECE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSSC.2010.936667"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2008.2006792"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-76464-1"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2011.2179030"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2011.2164134"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2013.2274831"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2014.05.523"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2004.91"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDL.1986.26422"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2015.2388783"},{"key":"S0218126616400065BIB16","unstructured":"Schreier, R. and  G. 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