{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T01:49:00Z","timestamp":1768528140587,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"07","funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (CN)","award":["61273282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61273282"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province","award":["Grant No.GJJ170272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.GJJ170272"]}]},{"name":"Advantage Technological Innovation Team Construction Project of Jiangxi Province","award":["20171BCB24001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20171BCB24001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20171BAB201013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20171BAB201013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J CIRCUIT SYST COMP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In motor-imagery brain\u2013computer interface (BCI), transfer learning based on the framework of regularized common spatial patterns (RCSP) can make full use of the training data derived from other subjects to reduce calibration time for a new subject. Covariance matrices are commonly used to estimate the difference between subjects. However, the classification performances vary greatly depending on different assumptions of the distribution of covariance matrices. Therefore, to directly observe the variations of the target subject\u2019s features after transferring, we neglect the distribution of covariance matrices and instead compare cosine similarities of spatial filters between the target subject and the composite subject whose data comes from the target subject and a source subject. Two RCSP algorithms based on cosine measure are proposed to use the samples of all source subjects and most useful source subjects, respectively. Experiments on one public data set from BCI competition show that our proposed approaches significantly improve the classification performances compared to the conventional CSP algorithm in almost every case, based on a small training set. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126619501238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]],"date-time":"2018-08-06T04:08:20Z","timestamp":1533528500000},"page":"1950123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Transfer Learning Based on Regularized Common Spatial Patterns Using Cosine Similarities of Spatial Filters for Motor-Imagery BCI"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yilu","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Software, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Qingguo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1860-7700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Ronghua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Jizhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Software, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Fumin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.12.003"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00057-3"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.01.051"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126609005861"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB005","first-page":"2732","volume-title":"Proc. 34th IEEE EMBS Conference","author":"Bamdadian A."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2013.2285232"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102504"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218126618500883"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2253608"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.02.015"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2748388"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00334"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/86.895946"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2008.2009768"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2015.2501545"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002967"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB017","first-page":"217987","volume":"2011","author":"Devlaminck D.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computat. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/9\/2\/026013"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2014.05.012"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2013.111"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB021","first-page":"3209","volume-title":"Proc. the 2015 IEEE SMC Conference","author":"Wu D."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2022557"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB023","first-page":"6501","volume-title":"Proc. 36th IEEE EMBC Conference","author":"Arvaneh M."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.01.036"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2205383"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2474141"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB027","first-page":"6599","volume-title":"Proc. 31st IEEE EMBS Conference","author":"Lu H."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2010.2082539"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2015.06.001"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-016-9417-x"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB031","first-page":"1746","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Neural Networks","author":"Sun S."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2015.03.023"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2404941"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2326263X.2017.1297192"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e16042131"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB036","first-page":"100","volume":"3","author":"Eldosoky M. M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB037","first-page":"709","volume-title":"Proc. 10th Asian Conf. on Computer Vision","author":"Nguyen H. V."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2017.12.007"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(98)00038-8"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2010.2082540"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1989.10478752"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB042","first-page":"614","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","author":"Lotte F."},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/4\/2\/R01"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2006.875642"},{"key":"S0218126619501238BIB045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2013.03.027"}],"container-title":["Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218126619501238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T16:40:38Z","timestamp":1568997638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0218126619501238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218126619501238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218126619501238","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-1266","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6454","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]}}}