{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:06:26Z","timestamp":1753880786535,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J CIRCUIT SYST COMP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper demonstrates a spread-spectrum clock generator (SSCG) based on direct voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) modulation. In order to save the die area, a 7.5[Formula: see text]kHz loop bandwidth, which might not sufficiently narrow considering the modulation frequency of 31.56[Formula: see text]kHz, has been employed. To compensate the high-pass filtering effect of the loop, an auxiliary feedback loop has been employed, which measures the spread ratio and tunes the modulation current accordingly. Accurate spread ratio would thus been achieved even with process, voltage, temperature (PVT) variations. Thanks to the adoption of a high (4th) order loop filter, the spurious modulation effect has been adequately suppressed. On the other hand, through injecting additional modulation current after the main integrating loop capacitor, high order harmonics would be compensated and finally results in desired triangular modulation. Implemented in UMC 0.18-[Formula: see text]m CMOS technology, the proposed SSCG occupies a die area of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> with integrated loop filter. The measured peak power attenuations of electromagnetic interference (EMI) at 100-MHz output frequency are 6.98[Formula: see text]dB and 9.97[Formula: see text]dB with 0.25% and 0.5% spread ratio, respectively, which satisfies the requirements of PCIe application. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126625503414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T07:22:40Z","timestamp":1745997760000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Accurate Spread-Spectrum Clock Generator Based on Frequency Measuring Loop and Two-point Injection Technique"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8127-6161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yejuan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Yuehua","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, 485 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Jinxia","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, 485 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1587-3096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, 485 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, 485 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 58 Research Institute, China Electronic Technology Group, 5 Huihe Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Jiaxuan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 58 Research Institute, China Electronic Technology Group, 5 Huihe Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]},{"given":"Zhanfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 58 Research Institute, China Electronic Technology Group, 5 Huihe Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.\u00a0R.\u00a0China"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S0218126625503414BIB001","DOI":"10.1109\/ISEMC.1994.385656"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S0218126625503414BIB002","DOI":"10.1109\/TADVP.2004.828817"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S0218126625503414BIB003","DOI":"10.1109\/TEMC.2005.852221"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S0218126625503414BIB004","DOI":"10.1109\/TEMC.2005.859063"},{"key":"S0218126625503414BIB006","first-page":"2643","volume-title":"IEEE Int. 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