{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:41:09Z","timestamp":1787017269425,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J CIRCUIT SYST COMP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The electromagnetic (EM) behavior of a geological fault is postulated to follow the mathematical model of a fault in seismology that illustrates seismic EM anomalies EMAs). Charge densities, +q and -q in C\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    are generated at a fault zone by the change in seismic stress, \u03b1 as d q\/ d t = -\u03b1 d \u03c3\/ d t - q\/\u220a\u03c1, where \u03c3,\u220a and \u03c1 are the charge generation constants measured in C\/N, dielectric constant and reisitivity of bedrocks, respectively. A fault of length, 2a, plane area, A and the displacement or rupture time, \u03c4 gives pulsed charge densities, +q(t) and -q(t), or a dipole moment of P(t) = 2aAq(t) = \u03b1M\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    [\u220a\u03c1\/(\u03c4 - \u220a\u03c1) - exp (-t\/\u220a\u03c1)] using the earthquake moment M\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Maxwell's equations for this dipole in a conductive earth give power spectra of EM waves at diferrent distances. Seismic electric signals (SES) including the DC VAN method can be explained as EM waves. Electrons with density n in the atmosphere are accelerated by the electric field and travel a distance l. resulting in the exictation and ionization of atmospheric molecules leading to earthquake lightning (EQL). They also polarize the ionosphere by disturbing the transmission of EM waves prior to an earthquake and artificial electronic noises. The same pulsed field surprised eels and hamsters, suggesting seismic anomalous animal ehavious animal behavior (SAAB) as electro-physiological responses to the stimuli of electric pulses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126697000115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,15]],"date-time":"2003-10-15T20:35:19Z","timestamp":1066250119000},"page":"153-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pulsed Charge Model of Fault Behavior Producing Seismic Electric Signals (SES)"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"07","author":[{"given":"Motoji","family":"Ikeya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunji","family":"Takaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahide","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences,  Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka,  Osaka 560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"container-title":["Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0218126697000115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T13:59:43Z","timestamp":1565186383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0218126697000115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0218126697000115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0218126697000115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0218-1266","1793-6454"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0218-1266","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-6454","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,6]]}}}