{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:20:43Z","timestamp":1778743243374,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper presents a rigorous and comprehensive nonlinear circuit-theoretic foundation for the memristive Hodgkin\u2013Huxley Axon Circuit model. We show that the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley Axon comprises a potassium ion-channel memristor and a sodium ion-channel memristor, along with some mundane circuit elements. From this new perspective, many hitherto unresolved anomalous phenomena and paradoxes reported in the literature are explained and clarified. The yet unknown nonlinear dynamical mechanisms which give birth to the action potentials remain hidden within the memristors, and the race is on for uncovering the ultimate truth. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s021812741230011x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,16]],"date-time":"2012-02-16T01:41:54Z","timestamp":1329356514000},"page":"1230011","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":276,"title":["HODGKIN\u2013HUXLEY AXON IS MADE OF MEMRISTORS"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"LEON","family":"CHUA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"VALERY","family":"SBITNEV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94725, USA"},{"name":"B.P.Konstantinov St.-Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russ. Ac. Sci., Gatchina, Leningrad district, 188350, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HYONGSUK","family":"KIM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Electronics Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","volume-title":"Introduction to Nonlinear Network Theory","author":"Chua L. O.","year":"1969"},{"key":"rf2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCT.1971.1083337"},{"key":"rf3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1976.10092"},{"key":"rf4","volume-title":"Modern Network Theory-An Introduction","author":"Chua L. O.","year":"1978"},{"key":"rf5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCS.1980.1084742"},{"key":"rf6","volume-title":"Linear and Nonlinear Circuits","author":"Chua L. 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