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Bifurcation Chaos"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In this paper, we propose a host\u2013parasitoid model with a Holling type-II functional response and incorporate harvest effort. The Holling type-II response leads to saturation in parasitized hosts, creating a potential economic harvesting opportunity. To address overexploitation risks, we integrate a harvest effort function, determining an optimal threshold to prevent depletion. We explore model dynamics and bifurcations, including co-dimension one behaviors such as flip and Neimark\u2013Sacker bifurcations, we provide numerical examples for validation. 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