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Survey data is collected and the causal hypotheses are assessed using a structure equation modeling approach. The study shows important findings for practical and theoretical issues of how differing modeling languages are influencing usability attributes on causal stages in the modeling domain. The main focus of this article is to define differences and similarities of how language metaproperties impact usability attributes in model interpretation scenarios. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218194014500417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,9]],"date-time":"2015-03-09T09:02:41Z","timestamp":1425891761000},"page":"1337-1355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Causal Model for Analyzing the Impact of Graphical Modeling Languages on Usability"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Schalles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business Informatics, Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University, Lohrtalweg 10, 74821 Mosbach, Germany"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Creagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Ave, Cork, Ireland"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rebstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Hochschule Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-003-0020-3"},{"key":"rf2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-00051-6"},{"key":"rf3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2006.07.001"},{"key":"rf4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2003.10.011"},{"key":"rf5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511844744"},{"key":"rf6","volume-title":"On the Cognititve Effectiveness of Routing Symbols on Process Modeling Languages","author":"Figl K.","year":"2010"},{"key":"rf7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.2882"},{"key":"rf8","volume-title":"Implications of Cognititve Load Theory for Multimedia Learning","author":"Sweller J.","year":"2005"},{"key":"rf9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1202_4"},{"key":"rf10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00450-003-0127-3"},{"key":"rf11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290410001669932"},{"key":"rf12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-8141(01)00070-1"},{"key":"rf13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4379(96)00012-9"},{"key":"rf14","unstructured":"R.\u00a0Welke, Challenges and Strategies for Research in Systems Development, eds. 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