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We find that this evolutionary process induces Pareto-enhancing behavior by high position agents but Pareto-damaging behavior by low position agents. We take this result into a production\u2013redistribution game in which a low position agent exerts effort to produce and a high position agent decides how to redistribute the output. We show that inefficient work effort and a positive transfer are evolutionarily stable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219198917500190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,3]],"date-time":"2017-07-03T08:25:34Z","timestamp":1499070334000},"page":"1750019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Social Hierarchy and the Evolution of Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jiabin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, University of Oregon, Eugene OR 97403, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB001","volume-title":"Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty","author":"Acemoglu D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9779.2010.01474.x"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.100.4.1725"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2011.05.008"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA10637"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA13448"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/260084"},{"key":"S0219198917500190BIB008","first-page":"58","volume":"85","author":"Bergstrom T. 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