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When uncertainty is low, the probability of cooperation is monotonically increasing in the length of this adjustment period. When uncertainty is high, the probability of cooperation initially increases as the adjustment period lengthens, but beyond some threshold starts to fall. In this case, the expected outcome is defection. We consider the broader implications of these findings. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219198919500099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T06:19:32Z","timestamp":1563949172000},"page":"1950009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Environmental Stochasticity, Cournot Competition and the Prisoner\u2019s Dilemma"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Mamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ 85017, USA"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Perrings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0219198919500099BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eneco.2007.12.004"},{"key":"S0219198919500099BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6261.2004.00670.x"},{"key":"S0219198919500099BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13662-018-1466-5"},{"key":"S0219198919500099BIB005","volume-title":"Nonlinear Oligopolies: Stability and Bifurcations","author":"Bischi G. 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