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We will give a theoretic analysis of this approach, discuss the issues in the design of neighborhood system and cliques for Markov random field models, and analyze the properties of the models. <\/jats:p><jats:p> We have applied the proposed approach to the recognition of unconstrained handwritten numerals and 2D shapes. Our extensive experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve a higher performance than that reported recently in the literature. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219467801000189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:59:39Z","timestamp":1027753179000},"page":"287-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MARKOV PROCESS IN PATTERN RECOGNITION"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"01","author":[{"given":"JINHAI","family":"CAI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ZHI-QIANG","family":"LIU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.387502"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(96)00108-2"},{"key":"p_5","first-page":"438","volume":"54","author":"Prokop R. 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