{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T05:10:02Z","timestamp":1740978602392,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Image Grap."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Active appearance model (AAM) is a powerful model to describe deformable objects in terms of shape and texture. It models the shape and the texture variations linearly and independently and has been widely applied to pattern recognition. However, there are two problems in the model building procedure. On the one hand, much shape information is lost from the shape model because only the sparse landmarks manually labeled are taken into account. On the other hand, the high-dimensional texture has too much nonlinearity. It is resulted from the structure information left by the shape model. In this paper, we propose a shape refinement framework to account for the problems. Firstly, the texture complexity of the shape model is obtained statistically. Then, the shape model is refined based on the texture complexity. Finally, the texture model is rebuilt based on the texture complexity according to the refined shape model. This is an iterative procedure which gradually improves the shape model and reduces the nonlinear of the texture model. As a result, both the complexity and the computational cost of AAM are reduced. Experimental results show that the proposed method greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of AAM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219467811004032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,2]],"date-time":"2011-03-02T04:41:32Z","timestamp":1299040892000},"page":"137-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ITERATIVE SHAPE REFINEMENT IN AAM"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"YA","family":"SU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, China"}]},{"given":"XINBO","family":"GAO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, China"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","first-page":"1397","volume":"18","author":"Tao D.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology"},{"key":"rf3","first-page":"342","volume":"38","author":"Li X.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B"},{"key":"rf4","first-page":"260","volume":"31","author":"Tao D.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"rf5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1991.3.1.71"},{"key":"rf6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1995.1004"},{"key":"rf8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927467"},{"key":"rf11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000029666.37597.d3"},{"key":"rf18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(02)00126-9"},{"key":"rf20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1991.tb01825.x","volume":"53","author":"Goodall C. R.","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B"},{"key":"rf23","unstructured":"K.\u00a0Messer, Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication (1999)\u00a0pp. 72\u201377."},{"key":"rf25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11590316_15"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Image and Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0219467811004032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T04:01:05Z","timestamp":1740974465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0219467811004032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0219467811004032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0219467811004032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0219-4678","1793-6756"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0219-4678"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1793-6756"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}}}