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The results show that two environmental factors (subjective norms and trust) and two personal factors (knowledge self-efficacy and enjoyment in helping others) significantly influence KSB. The results also indicate that employee willingness to share knowledge enables the organisation to promote innovative work behaviour. The study context was limited to only one Vietnamese university. It appears that the part of a bigger picture of knowledge sharing (KS) in Vietnamese universities is likely to be lost. However, given the previous studies on knowledge sharing in both developed and developing countries, it could be expected that the results of this study can be taken forward by university leaderships, academic staff and researchers in other contexts as well. A clear understanding of the critical factors that influence KSB towards promoting innovative work behaviour may help university leaders to develop suitable and evolving strategies to address the challenges of knowledge sharing. 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