{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T03:15:11Z","timestamp":1776741311557,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Info. Know. Mgmt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Legal outcome prediction or legal judgement prediction is the process of making predictions of the possible outcome of a legal proceeding based on its case file. This work focuses on the importance of allowing less privileged or marginalised groups to have better access to law services. This work discusses the implementation of 13 different deep learning models and the results obtained for each of them. The range of models employed encompasses a spectrum from basic perceptron models to more complex convolutional network models and encoder-based models. The models like multi-layer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural network (CNN) model, BERT, LegalBERT, DistilBERT, RoBERTa and the different combinations of these encoder-based models are implemented. The input to these models is the case files and their corresponding judgement status. Four different classes of petitions and appeals, submitted to the court, were considered to train all the models. The efficiency of these models was tested in terms of various performance metrics like training accuracy, testing accuracy, training loss, validation loss and [Formula: see text]1 score. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219649224500990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T08:30:17Z","timestamp":1727944217000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["AI in the Courtroom: Enhancing Legal Decision-Making through Predictive Modelling"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2164-7093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surisetty Hima","family":"Varshini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0730-3394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gottimukkala Sarayu","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2376-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peeta Basa","family":"Pati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0940-8075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priyanka","family":"Prabhakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3387-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shantipriya","family":"Parida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silo AI, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3322640.3326723"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10506-020-09273-1"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB003","first-page":"4317","volume":"167","author":"Chalkidis I","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computation and Language Journal"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2018.8622073"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/stats3030025"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC42975.2020.9283094"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2022\/765"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB008","first-page":"676","volume-title":"3rd International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT)","author":"Gokul Pillai V","year":"2020"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2945771"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32381-3_45"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1289"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SILCON55242.2022.10028879"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.nllp-1.8"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10506-021-09306-3"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4000\/ejpap.411"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB017","first-page":"19","author":"Niklaus J","year":"2021","journal-title":"Computer Science, Computation and Language Journal"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.03.292"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECA.2019.8822019"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3388176.3388183"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB021","author":"Xiao C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computer Science, Computation and Language Journal"},{"key":"S0219649224500990BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63031-7_30"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information &amp; 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