{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:53:43Z","timestamp":1760028823785,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut Inf. Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown remarkable success in the area of machine vision. The purpose of this research is to enhance the classification for the few-shot learning datasets by developing a robust feature extraction system using an optimized CNN model. The aforementioned goal is attained in the following way by developing two classification models, (1) CNN optimized using Two-Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D-DWT) injection using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), and (2) CNN optimized using 2D-DWT injection using PCA and Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO) algorithm. This optimization process enhances the rate of face recognition for the small training dataset by extracting maximum features. Experiments on the AT&amp;T (ORL), LFW, and Extended Yale-FACE-B databases show that the technique improves results significantly, with recognition rates increasing to 100% for training accuracy on all datasets and 100%, 98%, 97% on ORL, LFW, and Extended Yale-FACE-B datasets, respectively, for testing accuracy. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219691323500248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T08:54:44Z","timestamp":1681980884000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Few-shot learning CNN optimized using combined 2D-DWT injection and evolutionary optimization algorithms for human face recognition"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ghali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of Oran\u00a0\u2013 Mohamed Boudiaf, 31000 Oran, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Chouraqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of Oran\u00a0\u2013 Mohamed Boudiaf, 31000 Oran, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1637-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amine","family":"Khaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology Laboratory, University of Kasdi Merbah, 30000 Ouargla, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Med Redouane","family":"Kafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Electrical Engineering Laboratory, University of Kasdi Merbah, 30000 Ouargla, Algeria"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"S0219691323500248BIB001","first-page":"1392","volume":"25","author":"Abduldaim A. M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"S0219691323500248BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022118","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1879\/2\/022118","volume":"1879","author":"Abdulrahman A. A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"issue":"2","key":"S0219691323500248BIB003","first-page":"1128","volume":"23","author":"Abdulrahman A. A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"S0219691323500248BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"022129","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1879\/2\/022129","volume":"1879","author":"Al-Galib S. L. A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB007","first-page":"539","volume-title":"Proc. \u2014 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2005","volume":"1","author":"Chopra S.","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"S0219691323500248BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2006.329691","volume":"1","author":"Dorigo M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/MHS.1995.494215","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Symp. Micro Machine and Human Science","author":"Eberhart R.","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"S0219691323500248BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-020-01904-z","volume":"51","author":"Goel T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Intell."},{"issue":"1","key":"S0219691323500248BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2250005","DOI":"10.1142\/S1469026822500055","volume":"21","author":"Heidary-Sharifabad A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Appl."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB017","first-page":"1875","volume-title":"2014 IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Hu J.","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"S0219691323500248BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1145\/3065386","volume":"60","author":"Krizhevsky A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"S0219691323500248BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-017-0806-7","volume":"21","author":"Li M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cluster Comput."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6738","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.713","volume-title":"2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"Liu W.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"S0219691323500248BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050027","DOI":"10.1142\/S1469026820500273","volume":"19","author":"Ma L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"S0219691323500248BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-015-1870-7","volume":"27","author":"Mirjalili S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Comput. Appl."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007","volume":"69","author":"Mirjalili S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Softw."},{"issue":"3","key":"S0219691323500248BIB028","first-page":"1405","volume":"17","author":"Mohammed S. A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Math. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB029","first-page":"41.1","volume-title":"BMVC 2015 \u2014 Proc. British Machine Vision Conf. 2015","author":"Parkhi O. M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.08.203","volume":"135","author":"Santoso K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"S0219691323500248BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2009.2037989","volume":"59","author":"Sellahewa H.","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"issue":"2","key":"S0219691323500248BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1142\/S1469026822500134","volume":"21","author":"Sevim S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Intell. Appl."},{"volume-title":"3rd Int. Conf. Learning Representations, ICLR 2015 \u2014 Conf. Track Proc.","year":"2014","author":"Simonyan K.","key":"S0219691323500248BIB033"},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.09.038","volume":"176","author":"Valova I.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"S0219691323500248BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2012.10.057","volume":"6","author":"Yaji G. S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Technol."},{"issue":"12","key":"S0219691323500248BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1109\/76.974679","volume":"11","author":"Zervas N. D.","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"S0219691323500248BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342","volume":"23","author":"Zhang K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0219691323500248","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T04:31:20Z","timestamp":1693974680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/10.1142\/S0219691323500248"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0219691323500248"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0219691323500248","relation":{},"ISSN":["0219-6913","1793-690X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0219-6913"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1793-690X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]]},"article-number":"2350024"}}