{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:45:28Z","timestamp":1761709528422},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Bioinform. Comput. Biol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Networks are powerful representation of topological features in biological systems like protein interaction and gene regulation. In order to understand the design principles of such complex networks, the concept of network motifs emerged. Network motifs are recurrent patterns with statistical significance that can be seen as basic building blocks of complex networks. Identification of network motifs leads to many important applications, such as understanding the modularity and the large-scale structure of biological networks, classification of networks into super-families, protein function annotation, etc. However, identification of network motifs is challenging as it involves graph isomorphism which is computationally hard. Though this problem has been studied extensively in the literature using different computational approaches, we are far from satisfactory results. Motivated by the challenges involved in this field, an efficient and scalable network Motif Discovery algorithm based on Expansion Tree (MODET) is proposed. Pattern growth approach is used in this proposed motif-centric algorithm. Each node of the expansion tree represents a non-isomorphic pattern. The embeddings corresponding to a child node of the expansion tree are obtained from the embeddings of the parent node through vertex addition and edge addition. Further, the proposed algorithm does not involve any graph isomorphism check and the time complexities of these processes are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The proposed algorithm has been tested on Protein\u2013Protein Interaction (PPI) network obtained from the MINT database. The computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm outperforms most of the existing network motif discovery algorithms. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219720018500245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]],"date-time":"2018-09-20T03:24:20Z","timestamp":1537413860000},"page":"1850024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Motif discovery in biological network using expansion tree"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sabyasachi","family":"Patra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Lab (DST-FIST Sponsored), Computer Science &amp; Engineering Department, IIIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Mohapatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Lab (DST-FIST Sponsored), Computer Science &amp; Engineering Department, IIIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.298.5594.824"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219720009004023"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406024101"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1089167"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11599128_7"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219720006002028"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB008","volume-title":"Analysis of Biological Networks","author":"Schwobbermeyer H","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"S0219720018500245BIB009","volume":"15","author":"Ssulami AM","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bioinformatics Comput Biol"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB010","volume-title":"Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness","author":"Garey MR","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCBB.2006.51"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti556"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-318"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl038"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1266\/ggs.84.385"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB020","volume":"70","author":"Kashtan N","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Rev E (Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics)"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB021","first-page":"45","volume":"30","author":"Brendan M","year":"1981","journal-title":"Congressus Numerantium"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-016-1271-7"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB023","author":"Milo R","year":"2004","journal-title":"Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics"},{"key":"S0219720018500245BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl950"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S0219720018500245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:48:12Z","timestamp":1565138892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0219720018500245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S0219720018500245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s0219720018500245","relation":{},"ISSN":["0219-7200","1757-6334"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0219-7200","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-6334","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}}}