{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:44:58Z","timestamp":1758397498286},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Human. Robot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a novel method for evaluating the impact of animated interface agents with affective and empathic behavior. While previous studies relied on questionnaires in order to assess the user's overall experience with the interface agent, we will analyze users' physiological response (skin conductance and electromyography), which allows us to estimate affect-related user experiences on a moment-by-moment basis without interfering with the primary interaction task. As an interaction scenario, a card game has been implemented where the user plays against a virtual opponent. The findings of our study indicate that within a competitive gaming scenario, (i) the absence of the agent's display of negative emotions is conceived as arousing or stress-inducing, and (ii) the valence of users' emotional response is congruent with the valence of the emotion expressed by the agent. Our results for skin conductance could also be reproduced by assuming a local rather than a global baseline.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219843606000801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,19]],"date-time":"2006-10-19T10:24:43Z","timestamp":1161253483000},"page":"371-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["A STUDY IN USERS' PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO AN EMPATHIC INTERFACE AGENT"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"03","author":[{"given":"HELMUT","family":"PRENDINGER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHRISTIAN","family":"BECKER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Technology, University of Bielefeld, 33594 Bielefeld, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MITSURU","family":"ISHIZUKA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2697.001.0001","volume-title":"Embodied Conversational Agents","author":"Cassell J.","year":"2000"},{"key":"rf2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2002.1024753"},{"key":"rf3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-08373-4"},{"key":"rf4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/176789.176803"},{"key":"rf7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.\u00a0Ball and J.\u00a0Breese, Embodied Conversational Agents, eds. 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