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Each sprinting motion is the solution of a specific optimal control problem with periodicity and dynamic constraints. We found realistic human-like sprinting motions for both the non-amputee and the amputee athlete. We compared the optimized solutions to dynamics-reconstructed solutions from motion capture data and determined similarity measures for each of them. The investigation of the amputee athlete\u2019s joint torques and ground reaction forces revealed that the real amputee athlete does not exploit the functionality of his running-specific prosthesis as much as the model. The optimal control problems with free average velocity generated human-like sprinting motions as well. However, for specific objective functions the velocities exceed the fastest measured velocities in human sprinting. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0219843619400036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T14:20:22Z","timestamp":1557152422000},"page":"1940003","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimality Studies of Human Sprinting Motions with and Without Running-Specific Prostheses"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6520-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Lena","family":"Emonds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Optimization, Robotics &amp; Biomechanics, Institute of Computer Engineering, Heidelberg University, Berliner Stra\u00dfe 45, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Mombaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optimization, Robotics &amp; Biomechanics, Institute of Computer Engineering, Heidelberg University, Berliner Stra\u00dfe 45, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0219843619400036BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198105000-00010"},{"issue":"1","key":"S0219843619400036BIB002","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Hobara H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jpn. 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