{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T01:03:37Z","timestamp":1695085417932},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["New Math. and Nat. Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Imagery is frequently used to model, represent and communicate knowledge. In particular, graphs are one of the most powerful tools, being able to represent relations between objects. Causal relations are frequently represented by directed graphs, with nodes denoting causes and links denoting causal influence. A causal graph is a skeletal picture, showing causal associations and impact between entities. Common methods used for graphically representing causal scenarios are neurons, truth tables, causal Bayesian networks, cognitive maps and Petri Nets (PNs). Causality is often defined in terms of precedence (the cause precedes the effect), concurrency (often, an effect is provoked simultaneously by two or more causes), circularity (a cause provokes the effect and the effect reinforces the cause) and imprecision (the presence of the cause favors the effect, but not necessarily causes it). We will show that even though the traditional graphical models are able to represent separately some of the properties aforementioned, they fail trying to illustrate indistinctly all of them. To approach that gap, we will introduce Fuzzy Stochastic Timed PNs as a graphical tool able to represent time, co-occurrence, looping and imprecision in causal flow. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793005721500320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T02:20:53Z","timestamp":1614824453000},"page":"633-653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fuzzy Stochastic Timed Petri Nets for Causal Properties Representation"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Sobrino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo C.","family":"Garrido-Merch\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB001","volume-title":"The Imagery Debate","author":"Tye M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB002","volume-title":"The Cambridge Illustrated History of Prehistoric Art","author":"Bahn P.","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB003","volume-title":"Chomsky\u2019s Universal Grammar","author":"Cook V.","year":"2014"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB004","first-page":"157","volume":"34","author":"Shannon C. E.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Automata Studies"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB005","first-page":"31","volume":"5","author":"Paivio A.","year":"1978","journal-title":"International Journal of Psycholinguistics"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203538074"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1551-6708.1987.tb00863.x"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB008","volume-title":"Mind and Its Evolution. A Dual Coding Theoretical Interpretation","author":"Paivio A.","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"S1793005721500320BIB009","first-page":"87","volume":"17","author":"Beare J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Neurosciences"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB010","volume-title":"Immanuel Kant\u2019s Critique of Pure Reason","author":"Smith N. K.","year":"2011"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(83)90016-6"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(79)90044-1"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119945710"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB015","volume-title":"The Cement of the Universe: A Study of Causation","author":"Mackie J. L.","year":"1974"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.2010.5584115"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149674"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1985.232230"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520957350"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.1953.6371932"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-68282-2"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0061626"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB025","first-page":"221","author":"Axelrod R.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Structure of Decision"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(86)80040-2"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-613X(88)90111-9"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.1992.258761"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29859-3_2"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IFSA-NAFIPS.2013.6608453"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jal.2016.11.020"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024457117218"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB034","volume-title":"Philosophy of Science","author":"Hall N.","year":"2003"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2678483"},{"issue":"4","key":"S1793005721500320BIB037","volume":"77","author":"Tadao M.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB038","volume-title":"Knowledge Representation: Logical, Philosophical and Computational Foundations","author":"Sowa J. F.","year":"1999"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(87)90043-9"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7177(00)00072-8"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429505546"},{"key":"S1793005721500320BIB044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/392776"}],"container-title":["New Mathematics and Natural Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S1793005721500320","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T04:55:26Z","timestamp":1637297726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S1793005721500320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S1793005721500320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s1793005721500320","relation":{},"ISSN":["1793-0057","1793-7027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1793-0057","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-7027","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]]}}}