{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T09:16:50Z","timestamp":1762334210698,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["New Math. and Nat. Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An AG-group is an algebraic structure that satisfies the left invertive law and includes its left identity and inverse elements. This framework is naturally suited for representing and manipulating various real-life applications in civil engineering, information engineering, artificial intelligence, and more. In this paper, we present the structural application of AG-groups in data encryption and in the rotational transformation of water molecules. Additionally, numerous authors have explored fuzzy set theory over AG-group systems, yielding many valuable results. Spherical fuzzy set theory, an extension of fuzzy set theory, allows for the representation of uncertainty in decision-making, where there may be multiple possible choices or uncertainty about the degree of membership of an element in a set. However, no prior work has combined spherical fuzzy set theory with AG-groups, which motivates our study. In this paper, we apply spherical fuzzy set theory to AG-groups and introduce the concept of spherical fuzzy AG-subgroupoids. We provide the characterization of spherical fuzzy AG-subgroupoids over AG-groupoids and examine their related properties. As an application of spherical fuzzy sets over AG-groups, we develop the concept of normal spherical fuzzy groups over AG-groups and investigate their various properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793005726500055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T23:29:02Z","timestamp":1719703742000},"page":"85-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Study on AG-Groups in Spherical Fuzzy Environment"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6923-4993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Preethi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai, Tamilnadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9081-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Rajareega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, GMR Institute of Technology Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"S1793005726500055BIB001","first-page":"41","volume":"36","author":"Kazim M. 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