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To encourage the consumers, the retailer provides a credit on a part of the purchase and due to the dynamic decreasing nature of the freshness of units, the credit interval is considered as dynamic increasing. The unit cost, consumer credit period, and credit amount have impact on demand. As demand is fuzzy, some units may left at any cycle ending and are put up for sell in lot in a lump sum price. The model is formulated using fuzzy mathematical tools to decide the optimal cycle length, unit selling price, and order quantity to optimize the annual fuzzy profit from a cycle. A modified form of particle swarm optimization is applied to get the best decision, in which, using fuzzy credibility measure the objectives corresponding to two feasible solutions are compared to select the better one. Proper fuzzy simulation approaches are followed to determine the required credibility measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793005726500353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T02:02:26Z","timestamp":1734141746000},"page":"713-749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Inventory Model of a Decaying Item with Fuzzy Lifetime and Decay Rate under Dynamic Trade Credit and Variable Demand"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1669-6977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gautam","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1033-578X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas Kumar","family":"Maiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Mahishadal Raj College, Mahishadal, Purba-Medinipur, West Bengal 721628, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2956-6265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guruprasad","family":"Samanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4323-1330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoranjan","family":"Maiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, West Bengal 721102, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1793005726500353BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2011.08.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"S1793005726500353BIB002","first-page":"117","volume":"29","author":"Shah N. 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