{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T05:28:31Z","timestamp":1738992511759,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Semantic Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Extracting semantic information from multiple natural language sources and combining that information into a single unified resource is an important and fundamental goal for natural language processing. Large scale resources of this kind can be useful for a wide variety of tasks including question answering, word sense disambiguation and knowledge discovery. A single resource representing the information in multiple documents can provide significantly more semantic information than is available from the documents considered independently.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The ASKNet system utilises existing NLP tools and resources, together with spreading activation based techniques, to automatically extract semantic information from a large number of English texts, and combines that information into a large scale semantic network. The initial emphasis of the ASKNet system is on wide-coverage, robustness and speed of construction. In this paper we show how a network consisting of over 1.5 million nodes and 3.5 million edges, more than twice as large as any network currently available, can be created in less than 3 days. Evaluation of large-scale semantic networks is a difficult problem. In order to evaluate ASKNet we have developed a novel evaluation metric based on the notion of a network \"core\" and employed human evaluators to determine the precision of various components of that core. We have applied this evaluation to networks created from randomly chosen articles used by DUC (Document Understanding Conference). The results are highly promising: almost 80% precision in the semantic core of the networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793351x08000518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,16]],"date-time":"2009-02-16T12:26:09Z","timestamp":1234787169000},"page":"343-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["ASKNET: CREATING AND EVALUATING LARGE SCALE INTEGRATED SEMANTIC NETWORKS"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"02","author":[{"given":"BRIAN","family":"HARRINGTON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Wolfson Building, Parks Rd., Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"STEPHEN","family":"CLARK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Wolfson Building, Parks Rd., Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BTTJ.0000047600.45421.6d"},{"key":"rf2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/219717.219745"},{"key":"rf10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2007.33.4.493"},{"key":"rf11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6591.001.0001","volume-title":"The Syntactic Process","author":"Steedman M.","year":"2000"},{"volume-title":"From Discourse to Logic: Introduction to Modeltheoretic Semantics of Natural Language, Formal Logic and Discourse Representation Theory","year":"1993","author":"Kamp H.","key":"rf15"},{"key":"rf16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7287.001.0001"},{"key":"rf17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031564"},{"key":"rf18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01386390"},{"key":"rf19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-024X(200009)30:11<1203::AID-SPE338>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"rf20","first-page":"249","volume":"22","author":"Carletta J.","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Semantic Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S1793351X08000518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T18:57:03Z","timestamp":1738954623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S1793351X08000518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S1793351X08000518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s1793351x08000518","relation":{},"ISSN":["1793-351X","1793-7108"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1793-351X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1793-7108"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}}}