{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:16:13Z","timestamp":1778696173255,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Semantic Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Deep learning is a branch of machine learning that tries to model high-level abstractions of data using multiple layers of neurons consisting of complex structures or non-liner transformations. With the increase of the amount of data and the power of computation, neural networks with more complex structures have attracted widespread attention and been applied to various fields. This paper provides an overview of deep learning in neural networks including popular architecture models and training algorithms. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793351x16500045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T02:41:50Z","timestamp":1480560110000},"page":"417-439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":301,"title":["Deep Learning"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Xing","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EECS, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guigang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EECS, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EECS, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.09.004"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344251"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.726791"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/b11963"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.137"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1402_1"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.650093"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB026","first-page":"3","volume":"2","author":"Mikolov T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interspeech"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB032","author":"Deng L.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Interspeech"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14236"},{"issue":"3","key":"S1793351X16500045BIB039","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"Rumelhart D. E.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cognitive Modeling"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.59"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB064","first-page":"568","volume":"27","author":"Simonyan K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB068","first-page":"1137","volume":"3","author":"Bengio Y.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"S1793351X16500045BIB069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.230"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Semantic Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S1793351X16500045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T16:52:36Z","timestamp":1565110356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S1793351X16500045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S1793351X16500045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s1793351x16500045","relation":{},"ISSN":["1793-351X","1793-7108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1793-351X","type":"print"},{"value":"1793-7108","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}}}