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The convergence condition of PDEA is then derived though this condition is too strong to be satisfied. Next, this condition is relaxed based on the entropy theory. Finally, performances of PDEA are evaluated on the benchmark functions and an adaptive liquid level control system of a surge tank. The numeric simulation results show that PDEA is capable of finding the solutions to the optimization problems with good accuracy, reliability, and speed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793962318500411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]],"date-time":"2018-06-18T01:23:39Z","timestamp":1529285019000},"page":"1850041","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pseudo-derivative evolutionary algorithm and convergence analysis"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"09","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2415-8844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China"}]},{"given":"Zhongjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Control Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. 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