{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T16:36:52Z","timestamp":1770223012145,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Un. Sys."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> A quantum network may be realized by the entanglement of particles communicated by qubits between quantum computers, where the entangled photons of light are transferred for communication purposes. This technology has been proven to be feasible experimentally through free-space distribution of entangled photon pairs. Sending photons of light through nonlinear crystals produces correlated photon pairs, by splitting each photon into two half particles with each particle having the same level of energy, which results in entangled pairs. This entanglement is represented by photons, having both either horizontal or vertical polarization. This paper investigates collaborative robotic tasks of unmanned systems in a network where the agents are entangled. For instance, a leader robot sends two identical photons (e.g. with vertical polarization) to two follower robots\/autonomous vehicles to communicate information about various tasks such as swarm, formation, trajectory tracking, path following and collaborative tasks. The potential advantages of quantum cooperation of robotic agents is the speed of the process, the ability to achieve security with immunity against cyberattacks, and fault tolerance, through entanglement. If a Quantum Network is implemented in a robotic application, it would present an effective solution; for example, for a group of unmanned systems working securely together. An analytical basis of such systems is investigated in this paper, and the formulation of quantum cooperation of unmanned systems is presented and discussed. The concept of experimental quantum entanglement, as well as quantum cryptography (QC), for robotics applications is presented. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s2301385019500055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T06:17:30Z","timestamp":1555913850000},"page":"137-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Quantum Network of Cooperative Unmanned Autonomous Systems"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"07","author":[{"given":"Farbod","family":"Khoshnoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electromechanical Engineering Technology Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, USA"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim I.","family":"Esat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarence W.","family":"de Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco B.","family":"Quadrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mobility and Robotic Systems, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109-8099, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26641-1"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2006.887293"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2005.864191"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4826697"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2003.812781"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21967-w"},{"key":"S2301385019500055BIB007","first-page":"2022","volume-title":"42nd IEEE Int. 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