{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T09:34:37Z","timestamp":1770456877578,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. AI. Consci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> There are many developed theories and implemented artificial systems in the area of machine consciousness, while none has achieved that. For a possible approach, we are interested in implementing a system by integrating different theories. Along this way, this paper proposes a model based on the global workspace theory and attention mechanism, and providing a fundamental framework for our future work. To examine this model, two experiments are conducted. The first one demonstrates the agent\u2019s ability to shift attention over multiple stimuli, which accounts for the dynamics of conscious content. Another experiment of simulations of attentional blink and lag-1 sparing, which are two well-studied effects in psychology and neuroscience of attention and consciousness, aims to justify the agent\u2019s compatibility with human brains. In summary, the main contributions of this paper are (1) Adaptation of the global workspace framework by separated workspace nodes, reducing unnecessary computation but retaining the potential of global availability; (2) Embedding attention mechanism into the global workspace framework as the competition mechanism for the consciousness access; (3) Proposing a synchronization mechanism in the global workspace for supporting lag-1 sparing effect, retaining the attentional blink effect. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s2705078521500211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T14:53:18Z","timestamp":1634309598000},"page":"29-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Design of Global Workspace Model with Attention: Simulations of Attentional Blink and Lag-1 Sparing"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"09","author":[{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Chella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Palermo 90128, Italy"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Cangelosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB001","volume-title":"A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness","author":"Baars B. J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01819-2"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793843009000050"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S2705078521500028"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138071"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB006","volume-title":"The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory","author":"Chalmers D. J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB007","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Fall Symp.","author":"Chella A.","year":"2007"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1452-1_20"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB009","volume-title":"Artificial Consciousness","author":"Chella A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2019.00017"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.03.018"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/89551"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1332574100"},{"issue":"4","key":"S2705078521500211BIB015","first-page":"47","volume":"10","author":"Franklin S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Conscious. Stud."},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68677-4"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643294.2019.1670630"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB018","volume-title":"The Cognitive Approach to Conscious Machines","author":"Haikonen P. O.","year":"2003"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952132"},{"issue":"4","key":"S2705078521500211BIB020","first-page":"77","volume":"10","author":"Holland O.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Conscious. Stud."},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724980443000647"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2004.826766"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094256"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB024","first-page":"1097","volume":"25","author":"Krizhevsky A.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S2705078520710022"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0901-877"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.18.3.849"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2013.03.011"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/philosophies2010005"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2018.00001"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S270507852050006X"},{"issue":"9","key":"S2705078521500211BIB032","first-page":"153","volume":"21","author":"Reggia J. A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Conscious. Stud."},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/323533a0"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2005.11.005"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0128"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB036","first-page":"553","volume-title":"ALIFE","author":"Shanahan M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1793843011000819"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2007.09.005"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystems.2007.11.001"},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.01.005"},{"issue":"5","key":"S2705078521500211BIB041","first-page":"9","volume":"16","author":"Vimal R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Conscious. Stud."},{"key":"S2705078521500211BIB042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2009.4959924"}],"container-title":["Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1142\/S2705078521500211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T09:50:09Z","timestamp":1641808209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.worldscientific.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S2705078521500211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1142\/S2705078521500211"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/s2705078521500211","relation":{},"ISSN":["2705-0785","2705-0793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2705-0785","type":"print"},{"value":"2705-0793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]}}}