{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:21:23Z","timestamp":1753885283335,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. As. Lang. Proc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Code-switching (CS) is a common linguistic phenomenon exhibited by multilingual individuals, where they tend to alternate between languages within one single conversation. CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic challenges, but also contains a great deal of complexity in terms of its dynamic behavior across speakers. Given that the factors giving rise to CS vary from one country to another, as well as from one person to another, CS is found to be a speaker-dependent behavior, where the frequency by which the foreign language is embedded differs across speakers. While several researchers have looked into predicting CS behavior from a linguistic point of view, research is still lacking in the task of predicting the user CS behavior from sociological and psychological perspectives. We provide an empirical user study, where we investigate the correlations between users\u2019 CS levels and character traits. We conduct interviews with bilinguals and gather information on their profiles, including their demographics, personality traits, and traveling experiences. We then use machine learning (ML) to predict users\u2019 CS levels based on their profiles, where we identify the main influential factors in the modeling process. We experiment with both classification as well as regression tasks. Our results show that the CS behavior is affected by the relation between speakers, travel experiences, as well as Neuroticism and Extraversion personality traits. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s2717554522500102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T05:58:52Z","timestamp":1659333532000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Who in Code-Switching: A Case Study for Predicting Egyptian Arabic\u2013English Code-Switching Levels Based on Character Profiles"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9171-9461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Injy","family":"Hamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alia","family":"El Bolock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Emotional and Motivational Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Engineering, Computer Science and Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Informatics & Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Emotional and Motivational Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Engineering, Computer Science and Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slim","family":"Abdennadher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics & Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Computer Science Department, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ngoc Thang","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2717554522500102BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0271-5309(83)90003-4"},{"key":"S2717554522500102BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3841(83)90007-4"},{"key":"S2717554522500102BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/cilt.80.15abu"},{"key":"S2717554522500102BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/ijel.v8n3p79"},{"key":"S2717554522500102BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-971X.1994.tb00308.x"},{"volume-title":"Students\u2019 and Teachers\u2019 Attitudes towards Kuwaiti English Code-switching","year":"2007","author":"Akbar R.","key":"S2717554522500102BIB006"},{"issue":"2","key":"S2717554522500102BIB008","first-page":"32","volume":"14","author":"Khuwaileh A. 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