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Spontaneous local field potentials in the STN (STN-LFP) and surface electroencephalogram (EEG) activity were simultaneously obtained on postoperative days 2\u20133 in the OFF-medication state. Power spectral density (PSD), coherence (COH), and Granger causality measures between STN-LFPs and frontal\u2013occipital cortical areas were analyzed. These metrics revealed significant EO\u2013EC differences, particularly in the low-frequency (LF, 4\u201312[Formula: see text]Hz) range. Although LF power increased across all regions during EC relative to EO, only STN and frontal EEG showed statistically significant changes. EC elicited increased frontal\u2013STN COH within both the LF and low-beta bands (13\u201321[Formula: see text]Hz), accompanied by enhanced occipital\u2013STN coupling in the low-beta range. In contrast, the influence of the alpha-band frontal cortex on the STN was more pronounced during EO. These findings confirm that eye states may differentially modulate functional connectivity through widespread cortical and STN\u2013cortical interactions and suggest that, in unmedicated PD, EC and EO dynamically modulate large-scale cortical\u2013STN network activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0129065726500310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T03:51:46Z","timestamp":1773633106000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cortical\u2013Subthalamic Interplay During Eyes-Open and Eyes-Closed Resting States in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0651-8890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florencia","family":"Sanmartino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging and Psychophysiology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA) Avenida Ana de Viya, 21, Cadiz 11009, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, 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