{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:14:12Z","timestamp":1791198852547,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt","issue":"03n04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am. J. Chin. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> To examine the mechanism of the preventive effect of tannins on the progression of carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)-induced acute liver injury in rats, sumac gall (SG) extract and gallic acid (GA) were used as substitutes for crude tannins, because SG is a kind of Chinese traditional medicinal herb containing large amounts of various tannins, and GA is one of the major constituents of SG. The protective effect of oral (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of each substance on progression of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>-induced hepatitis was investigated in rats. Speculating that the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities (O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> radical-scavenging activities) and\/or protective effects of these substances on cell membranes might play a key role in the mechanism opposing the progression of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>-induced hepatitis, the O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> radical-scavenging activities in liver cells and serum in rats were monitored. Both substances significantly prevented the progression of acute liver injury with both p.o. and i.p. administration. These findings suggest that the mechanism for this prevention might be due mainly to the protective effect of these substances on cell membranes rather than O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> radical-scavenging activities. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0192415x98000373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,23]],"date-time":"2003-12-23T09:08:36Z","timestamp":1072170516000},"page":"333-341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Mechanism of the Protective Effects of Sumac Gall Extract and Gallic Acid on the Progression of CCl<sub>4<\/sub>-induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Kanai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Kinki University, School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan"},{"name":"Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kinki University, School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Okano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Hygiene, National institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00505660"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00510139"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1985.tb03066.x"},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"7","volume":"23","author":"Hiramatsu M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"JEOL News."},{"key":"p_5","first-page":"86","volume":"10","author":"Ito E","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. of Medical and Pharm. 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