{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:30:42Z","timestamp":1767652242072,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hand Surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To quantify and qualify the types of upper limb injuries admitted to hospital as a direct result of illicit intravenous drug use (IVDU).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Method: A retrospective case series identified all inpatient admissions for upper limb injuries as a direct result of IVDU over a two-year period. The type of injury, procedures, complications, co-morbidities, relevant investigations and other notable events during admission and follow-up were identified.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: Thirty-six people were admitted with upper limb injuries. Infective presentations (abscess, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and septic arthritis) were most common. Other injuries were due to accidental intra-arterial injection, soft-tissue necrosis and compartment syndrome.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Microbiological analysis from abscesses showed a high frequency of multiple organisms, and most commonly identified Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and anaerobes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These patients had high rates of hepatitis C, malnutrition, psychiatric and behavioural co-morbidities; 77% were lost to follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion: The most common injuries from IVDU are infections, and ischaemia. High rates of concurrent medical and psychosocial co-morbidities add further challenges to effective patient care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218810408003931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T10:59:42Z","timestamp":1228301982000},"page":"73-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["UPPER LIMB MORBIDITY AS A DIRECT CONSEQUENCE OF INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aaron","family":"Buckland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"McCombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"rf2","unstructured":"B.\u00a0Ridolfo and C.\u00a0Stevenson, The Quantification of Drug-Caused Morbidity and Mortality in Australia in 1998 (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2001)\u00a0p. 175."},{"key":"rf3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197404000-00012"},{"key":"rf4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V34N9p575","volume":"34","author":"Loo H.","journal-title":"Ann. 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