{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:59:30Z","timestamp":1785214770470,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hong Kong Physiother. J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience reduced ventilatory function and functional capacity, which negatively impact their quality of life (QoL), yet effective non-pharmacological interventions remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objective: To determine the effect of manual diaphragmatic release (MDR) added to aerobic training (AT) on ventilatory function, functional capacity, and QoL, compared to AT alone in elderly women with T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Sixty elderly type 2 diabetic women were randomly assigned in equal numbers to either the MDR or control group. For 8 weeks, the MDR group received MDR in addition to AT, while the control group received AT alone. Outcomes included measures of forced vital capacity (FVC) and total lung capacity (TLC), 6 min walk test (6MWT), and Diabetic Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQoL). Between-group differences were analysed by ANCOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: At the end of the study, there were significant group effects for all outcome measures ([Formula: see text]). Adjusted between-group differences favoured the MDR group for FVC (mean [Formula: see text]; 95% CI: 1.07\u20135.27), TLC (mean [Formula: see text]; 95% CI: 1.22\u20133.33), 6MWT distance (mean [Formula: see text]\u00a0[Formula: see text]m; 95% CI: 10.17\u201334.99), and DQoL score (mean [Formula: see text]; 95% CI: 0.31\u20131.57).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: Adding MDR to AT is more beneficial than AT only for enhancing ventilatory function, functional capacity and QoL in such elderly type 2 diabetic women. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and longer intervention durations are warranted to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1013702526500095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T15:21:41Z","timestamp":1777994501000},"page":"127-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of manual diaphragmatic release on ventilatory function and functional capacity in elderly type 2 diabetic women: A randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5284-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saher Lotfy","family":"Elgayar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Middle East University, Amman, 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