{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:43:47Z","timestamp":1699404227717},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Hand Surg Asian-Pac Vol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Background: Treatment of muscle belly lacerations remains a problem for surgeons. Inadequate repair of lacerations can cause functional disability. To date, there is no consensus on the method of repair for these injuries. We have previously described a technique of repairing mid-substance muscle belly lacerations. The aim of this study was to determine the ultimate strength of an intact muscle belly and to compare the anchor suture (AS) technique with the modified Kessler (MK) technique. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods: Fifteen fresh frozen hind-legs from adolescent pigs were divided into three groups and used for the testing. Each group consisted of five specimens. Group one was the intact control group, group two was repaired with the MK technique and group three was repaired with the AS technique. Following repair, the muscles were secured in a custom-made fixation apparatus and underwent linear tensioning at a rate of 25\u00a0mm\/min, generating a load-displacement curve for each specimen. The data regarding ultimate strength, modes of failure and number of intact suture\/anchor constructs (for groups 2 and 3) was calculated. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results: The ultimate strength of the intact muscle group of was found to be 608.1 \u00b1 107.9\u00a0\u00a0N. This was significantly (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) higher than the pull-out strength of the MK and AS groups. The pull-out strength of the AS group was 143.1 \u00b1 36.7\u00a0N, nearly twice that of the MK group 69.8 \u00b1 16.4\u00a0N (p\u00a0=\u00a00.11). Suture pull-out was the most common mode of failure. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions: The AS technique was found to have both higher strain and nearly twice the ultimate pull-out strength compared to the MK repair group. We suggest the AS technique as a viable technique for mid-substance muscle belly repairs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s2424835523500583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T07:41:56Z","timestamp":1698306116000},"page":"513-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Muscle Belly Repair: Biomechanical Assessment of the Anchor Suture and the Modified Kessler Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Terrill P.","family":"JULIEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, District of Columbia and Southern Maryland, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, P.C., USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoan","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Bioengineering Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, 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