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Also, replication logic is considered to be able to generalize the findings. Moreover, in order to better understand the phenomenon, the history of social entrepreneurship and its evolutionary trend in Iran is elaborated. The findings show that the evolutionary trend of social entrepreneurship in Iran could be classified into three stages, i.e. ancient Persia, entrance of Islam, and emergence of entrepreneurship as a field. Finally, the findings are categorized in four categories: (i) process, (ii) social entrepreneur\/founder, (iii) activities, and (iv) organization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218495817500042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T06:36:32Z","timestamp":1498545392000},"page":"97-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Creation of ICT-Based Social Start-Ups in Iran: A Multiple Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aidin","family":"Salamzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439813141, Iran"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Arasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439813141, Iran"}]},{"given":"Ghanbar Mohamadi","family":"Elyasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439813141, Iran"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBG.2015.071901"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB002","volume-title":"Teachers Investigate Their Work: An Introduction to Action Research Across the Professions","author":"Altrichter H.","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11115-014-0282-y"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19420676.2013.871324"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7294.1115"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/sws004"},{"key":"S0218495817500042BIB007","first-page":"413","author":"Biscotti D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Religion And Organization Theory (Research in the Sociology of Organizations). 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