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However, there is an increasing demand for the development of new synthetic processes involving more sustainable chemical principles substituting, whenever possible, dangerous organic solvents by alternative solvents, chromatographic purifications by precipitations and energy-intensive procedures by alternative energy sources such as microwaves and ultrasounds. In this review we will address some recent strategies to synthesize meso-substituted porphyrins using alternative energy sources, reaction media and catalysts, namely microwave irradiation, water as solvent, or solid microporous acid catalysts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s1088424616300020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T09:15:08Z","timestamp":1461230108000},"page":"45-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Synthesis of<i>meso<\/i>-substituted porphyrins using sustainable chemical processes"],"prefix":"10.1142","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sara M. 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