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Then, we applied the Difference-in-Differences approach to compare banks supervised by the SSM \u2014 significant banks \u2014 with banks from European Union countries, only supervised by the National Supervisory Authorities (NSA) \u2014 non-significant banks. Over time, European banks have published more information in their annual reports. The SSM impacted the readability of significant banks\u2019 reports, which became shorter and presented plainer English than those of non-significant banks. Surprisingly, the reports of significant banks, whose NSA is a Financial Supervisory Authority, present higher readability after the SSM introduction than those whose NSA is the National Central Bank. This study contributes to the literature on the SSM and textual disclosure in the banking sector.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1142\/s2282717x26400025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T15:34:09Z","timestamp":1774107249000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["THE IMPACT OF THE SINGLE SUPERVISORY MECHANISM ON THE READABILITY OF THE EUROPEAN BANKS\u2019 ANNUAL REPORTS"],"prefix":"10.1142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7883-4684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ANA LU\u00cdSA","family":"SILVA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ana Lu\u00edsa Silva and Carlos Francisco Alves, School of Economics and Management, CEF.UP, University of Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3861-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"CARLOS FRANCISCO","family":"ALVES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ana Lu\u00edsa Silva and Carlos Francisco Alves, School of Economics and Management, CEF.UP, University of Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"219","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JFRA-04-2022-0129"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11156-021-01005-z"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13504851.2022.2092590"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irfa.2024.103240"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S2282717X1975001X"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intfin.2021.101382"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jimonfin.2020.102264"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fmii.12132"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17576381311329661"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AAAJ-01-2020-4387"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125326"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacceco.2017.03.002"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-018-3981-4"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2019.3448"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbankfin.2014.09.015"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JFRA-02-2020-0047"},{"key":"S2282717X26400025BIB017","unstructured":"Council (n.d.) 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