{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:56:16Z","timestamp":1783104976348,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Geological mapping and U\u2013(Th)\u2013Pb geochronology from the Karakoram Metamorphic Complex and Baltoro granite batholith has resulted in more detailed timing constraints on tectonic evolution of Asian crust. During and following collision and accretion of the Kohistan Arc and the Indian plate to the southern margin of Asia, crustal thickening along the Karakoram resulted in polyphase deformation, metamorphism and melting. U\u2013Pb zircon and monazite ages show that kyanite- and sillimanite-grade metamorphism in the Baltoro region peaked during Oligocene\u2013Early Miocene (\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 28\u201322 Ma) times. At structurally deeper levels sillimanite-grade migmatites of the Dassu dome have Pliocene (\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 5.4\u20133.5 Ma) ages. New U\u2013Pb ages from crustal melt biotite + muscovite + garnet leucogranites from the Trango Towers, Cathedral peak and Paiyu peak across the Baltoro batholith range from 19.8 \u00b1 0.5 Ma to perhaps as young as 14 Ma. Using data from both the Hunza and Baltoro regions we suggest that regional high-grade metamorphism was diachronous in space and time and could have lasted continuously for at least 37 Ma (\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 50\u201313 Ma) or as much as 50 Ma (\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 63\u201313 Ma) along the southern margin of the Asian plate in the Karakoram. Crustal melting along the Baltoro granite batholith spanned at least 13 Ma (26.4\u201313 Ma).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Supplementary material:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Analytical methods and description of U\u2013(Th)\u2013Pb data of samples are available at\n              <jats:uri xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18382\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18382<\/jats:uri>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1144\/0016-76492009-043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,7]],"date-time":"2010-01-07T14:57:43Z","timestamp":1262876263000},"page":"183-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Anatomy, age and evolution of a collisional mountain belt: the Baltoro granite batholith and Karakoram Metamorphic Complex, Pakistani Karakoram"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"M.P.","family":"Searle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.R.","family":"Parrish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Isotope Geoscience Laboratory, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK"},{"name":"Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.V.","family":"Thow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.R.","family":"Noble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Isotope Geoscience Laboratory, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.J.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK"},{"name":"School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.J.","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PR, 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