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                <full_title>Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis</full_title>
                <abbrev_title>GEEA</abbrev_title>
                <issn media_type="print">1467-7873</issn>
                <issn media_type="electronic">2041-4943</issn>
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                  <title>
                    Black spruce (
                    <i>Picea mariana</i>
                    ) Mobile Metal Ion (MMI
                    <sup>TM</sup>
                    ) bark geochemistry case study over the Triple J gold zone, McFaulds Lake (‘Ring of Fire’) area, Northern Ontario, Canada
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                    <given_name>Richard D.</given_name>
                    <surname>Dyer</surname>
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                        <institution_name>Sediment, Soil and Water Geochemical Services, 1268 Martindale Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E4J5, Canada</institution_name>
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                    <ORCID authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0222-227X</ORCID>
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                    A biogeochemistry (
                    <jats:italic toggle="yes">Picea mariana</jats:italic>
                    bark) orientation case study consisting of three transects over two known gold zones was completed in the McFaulds Lake region (‘Ring of Fire') located in the far north of Ontario, Canada. The well-known proprietary weak/selective Mobile Metal Ion (MMI
                    <jats:sup>TM</jats:sup>
                    ) leach with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) finish was utilized, rather than a conventional technique such as acid digestion and ICP-MS on macerated bark tissue. This approach is based on the need to generate biogeochemical data that more accurately represent the labile phases of elements that may be released from hidden mineral deposits. Extensive peatlands characterize the study area, below which an ∼8 m thick sequence of till covers the underlying Archean bedrock that hosts the Triple J gold zones. The MMI
                    <jats:sup>TM</jats:sup>
                    results include relevant patterns with respect to the gold zones, in particular for the metals In and Mo. Horizons of massive chromite of the Blackbird deposit also appear to be influencing tree bark biogeochemistry, in particular for Bi, U and rare earth elements. These biogeochemical signals are possible evidence for the presence of a metal accretion zone in the soil substrate, perhaps due to a redox column developed above the mineralized zones. Peat thickness appears to affect metals concentrations in bark tissue; I infer that mineral soil substrates provide more metal signal for uptake to the spruce trees compared to thicker peat areas, where significant portions of the root systems are within organic peat. Comparison to a nearby aqua-regia digest bark geochemistry dataset helps illustrate that landscape drainage and soil/substrate moisture content present additional variables, which can have significant control on the uptake and translocation of some metals to the outer tissues of spruce trees. Using a weak or selective leach technique on black spruce outer bark may improve the signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional digestion methods by targeting any weakly bound labile phases.
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