{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T13:45:23Z","timestamp":1780148723035,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Geoenergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Several sources of natural hydrogen are known or postulated but the process of serpentinization, the action of water on ultramafic rocks, is shown to be the most effective. Studies indicate that the rates and volumes generated by high-temperature serpentinization, (i.e. in the temperature range of 200\u2013320\u00b0C), could feed a focused hydrogen system potentially capable of sealing and trapping gas-phase hydrogen in commercially-sized accumulations.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Natural hydrogen is generated by serpentinization wherever ultramafic rocks can be penetrated by aqueous fluids. This includes diverse geotectonic settings ranging from divergent and convergent plate margins to intra-plate orogenic belts and Precambrian cratons.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The \u2018hydrogen system\u2019 describes the generation, migration and sealing\/trapping of hydrogen. There are two parts to the \u2018generic hydrogen system\u2019: the \u2018source-generation sub-system\u2019 requires an ultramafic protolith, usually in basement, and a supply of water penetrating basement rocks. In the \u2018migration-retention sub-system\u2019 migration, sealing and entrapment of gas-phase hydrogen behaves the same as for hydrocarbon gases.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The hydrogen system by serpentinization is used to develop play models to guide exploration in the accessible and exploitable geotectonic settings of continental cratons, ophiolites and convergent margins.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p content-type=\"thematic-collection\">\n            <jats:bold>Thematic collection:<\/jats:bold>\n            This article is part of the Hydrogen as a future energy source collection available at:\n            <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/topic\/collections\/hydrogen\">https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/topic\/collections\/hydrogen<\/jats:ext-link>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/geoenergy2024-002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T08:27:09Z","timestamp":1713169629000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Natural hydrogen: sources, systems and exploration plays"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0259-5460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owain","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H2Au, Global House, 1 Ashley Avenue, Epsom, Surrey KT18 5AD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3725-742X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve R.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Hydrogen Study Group (NHSG), Chiltern House, 45 Station Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire RG9 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1380-1483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ian P.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Hydrogen Study Group (NHSG), Chiltern House, 45 Station Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire RG9 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2072-580X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Stocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Hydrogen Study Group (NHSG), Chiltern House, 45 Station Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire RG9 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2744-0251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Barnicoat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Hydrogen Study Group (NHSG), Chiltern House, 45 Station Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire RG9 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6463-6059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mike","family":"Powney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H2Au, Global House, 1 Ashley Avenue, Epsom, Surrey KT18 5AD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2021.673063"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","first-page":"405","volume-title":"The Petroleum Play Basin Analysis: Principles and Applications","author":"Allen P.A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Allen, P.A. and Allen, J.R. 2005. 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