{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T22:39:14Z","timestamp":1773095954750,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The recent closure of the South Crofty tin mine, the last working mine of this type in Europe, has raised questions over possible environmental consequences. During several centuries of operation, the mine was dewatered by a series of pumps located at different levels in the mine. Older workings near the ground surface were dewatered by a series of adits that discharge into nearby rivers and streams. The quality of water draining from these shallow workings is generally good and no treatment is required. However, because of bad experiences at the nearby Wheal Jane tin mine, the UK Environment Agency were concerned about the quality and quantity of water which was expected to discharge from the deeper workings when groundwater rebound was completed.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In order to address this problem and make predictions of the timing and volume of the discharge, computer simulations using the SHETRAN\/VSS-NET model have been carried out. This model has already been applied to the simulation of groundwater rebound in several UK coalfields. However, the hydrogeological characteristics of coal mines differ considerably from the South Crofty mine. In this mine, the country rocks comprise granite and metamorphic slates, strata that have negligible transmissivity and very low storativity. Most of the groundwater flow is therefore in the \u2018drives\u2019 and stopes from which tin ore was extracted.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The inflows to the mine during its operation were mapped and quantified, and were found to be mainly head-dependent. These inflows usually originated from fault zones in the rock, and also from nearby disused and flooded workings, which surround the modern mine. Predictions of the water level during rebound are compared with the observed water levels in the main shaft which have been measured since the mine closed. The model was then used to predict the dates when surface discharges could be expected to commence. One of the main limitations of the predictions was a \u2018blank\u2019 depth interval in the mine plan records, which could be interpreted in two possible ways: (i) the zone was worked in the mid-nineteenth century but the plans were lost; or (ii) the zone was never worked.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Local professional opinion favoured interpretation (i), and the prediction scenarios considered most probable were based on the assumption that mining-related specific yield values would be similar in this \u2018blank interval\u2019 to those applicable in better-mapped intervals below. In the event, (ii) above appears to have been the true case, resulting in a marked steepening of the rebound curve during the later stages of rebound, with surface discharge commencing in November 2000, as much as a year in advance of most other predictions. A retrospective simulation assuming very low specific yield in the \u2018blank interval\u2019 confirms that the hydrodynamics were otherwise successfully simulated using the SHETRAN\/VSS-NET code.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/gsl.sp.2002.198.01.06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,30]],"date-time":"2008-04-30T18:44:41Z","timestamp":1209581081000},"page":"89-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A physically based model of rebound in South Crofty tin mine, Cornwall"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Russell","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Newcastle\rNewcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK"}]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Younger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Newcastle\rNewcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"353","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Mine Water Association Congress, \u2018Minewater and the Environment\u2019 1","volume":"2","author":"Adams R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Adams R., Younger P.L. , Veselic M., Norton P.J. Simulation of groundwater rebound in abandoned mines using a physically based modelling approach 1997 2 Proceedings of the Sixth International Mine Water Association Congress, \u2018Minewater and the Environment\u2019 1 8\u201312 September 1997 Bled, Slovenia 353 362"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","series-title":"Report to the Environment Agency, South West Area, Nuwater Consulting Services Ltd, Newcastle Upon Tyne","volume-title":"Modelling the Timing of rebound at South Crofty","author":"Adams R.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Adams R., Younger P.L. Modelling the Timing of rebound at South Crofty 1999 Report to the Environment Agency, South West Area, Nuwater Consulting Services Ltd, Newcastle Upon Tyne"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","series-title":"Carnon Consolidated, Camborne","volume-title":"South Crofty Hydrology Study","author":"CARNON CONSOLIDATED","year":"1990","unstructured":"CARNON CONSOLIDATED South Crofty Hydrology Study 1990 Carnon Consolidated, Camborne Unpublished Report by Buckley, J. A."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1084-0699(2000)5:3(250)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","series-title":"Final report to National Rivers Authority, South Western Region, Exeter","volume-title":"South Crofty Minewater Study","author":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold","year":"1994","unstructured":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold, Partners South Crofty Minewater Study 1994 Final report to National Rivers Authority, South Western Region, Exeter"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","series-title":"Report to the National Rivers Authority, South Western Region, Exeter","volume-title":"Wheal Jane Minewater Study, Environment Appraisal and Treatment Strategy","author":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold","year":"1995","unstructured":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold, Partners Wheal Jane Minewater Study, Environment Appraisal and Treatment Strategy 1995 Report to the National Rivers Authority, South Western Region, Exeter"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","series-title":"Final report to Environment Agency, Bodmin","volume-title":"South Crofty Mine Closure Contingency Plan","author":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold","year":"1996","unstructured":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold, Partners South Crofty Mine Closure Contingency Plan 1996 Final report to Environment Agency, Bodmin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","series-title":"Provisional report to Environment Agency, Bodmin","volume-title":"South Crofty Strategic Closure Study","author":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold","year":"1997","unstructured":"Knight Pi\u00e9sold, Partners South Crofty Strategic Closure Study 1997 Provisional report to Environment Agency, Bodmin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","series-title":"Report to Environment Agency, Bodmin","volume-title":"Dolcoath Deep Adit, Report on its Condition and the South Crofty Mine Decant Location","author":"SOUTH CROFTY PLC","year":"1998","unstructured":"SOUTH CROFTY PLC Dolcoath Deep Adit, Report on its Condition and the South Crofty Mine Decant Location 1998a Report to Environment Agency, Bodmin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","series-title":"Internal Report, South Crofty plc, Camborne","volume-title":"South Crofty Mine Closure","author":"SOUTH CROFTY PLC.","year":"1998","unstructured":"SOUTH CROFTY PLC. South Crofty Mine Closure 1998b Internal Report, South Crofty plc, Camborne"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","series-title":"Environment Agency, R&D Technical Report","volume-title":"Predicting Mine Water Rebound","author":"Younger P. L.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Younger P. L., Adams R. Predicting Mine Water Rebound 1999 W179 Environment Agency, R&D Technical Report"}],"container-title":["Geological Society, London, Special Publications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1144\/GSL.SP.2002.198.01.06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1721750597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/10.1144\/GSL.SP.2002.198.01.06"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/UrlRedirectHandler.ashx?routename=books&chapterdoi=10.1144\/GSL.SP.2002.198.01.06&request=chapter","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1144\/GSL.SP.2002.198.01.06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/gsl.sp.2002.198.01.06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-8719","2041-4927"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-8719","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-4927","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}}}