{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:04:29Z","timestamp":1761293069046,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,30]],"date-time":"2013-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380499200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Deformation mechanisms, long-term kinematics and evolution of fold and thrust belts subjected to erosion are studied through 2D analogue experiments involving large convergence. First-order parameters tested include (1) d\u00e9collements and\/or plastic layers interbedded at different locations within analogue materials and (2) synconvergence surface erosion. Weak layers, depending on their location in the model, favour deformation partitioning characterized by the simultaneous development of underplating domains in the inner part of the wedge (basal accretion) and frontal accretion where the wedge grows forward. Interaction between tectonics and surface processes influences this behaviour. Development of antiformal thrust stacks controlled by underplating shows small- and large-scale cyclicity. Thin plastic layers induce folding processes, which are studied at wedge scale. Recumbent and overturned folds, with large inverted limbs, develop in a shear-induced asymmetric deformation regime via progressive unrolling of synclinal hinges. Surface erosion and underplating at depth induce further rotation (passive tilting) and horizontalization of fold limbs. Model results give insights to discuss the mechanisms responsible for the large-scale structures (i.e. antiformal nappe stacks, klippen and kilometre-scale recumbent fold\u2013nappes) encountered in several mountain belts such as the Montagne Noire (French Massif Central), the Galicia Variscan belt (Spain) and the northern Apennines (Italy).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Supplementary material:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Raw data of the experiments are available at\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18658\">www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18658<\/jats:ext-link>\n              .\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1144\/jgs2013-012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T08:04:08Z","timestamp":1380614648000},"page":"893-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Impact of erosion and d\u00e9collements on large-scale faulting and folding in orogenic wedges: analogue models and case studies"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Perrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9osciences Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"},{"name":"Present address: G\u00e9oazur, Universit\u00e9 de Nice\u2013Sophia Antipolis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 7329), Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 250 av. Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Clemenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9osciences Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Via S. Maria, 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Natural and Experimental Tectonics research group (NEXT), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Parma, Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra \u201cMacedonio Melloni\u201d, 43124 Parma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Malavieille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9osciences Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Molli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Via S. Maria, 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Taboada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9osciences Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9osciences Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8141(90)90011-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Strain variation and partitioning in thrust wedges: High-resolution data from scaled sandbox experiments by 2D\u20133D PIV analysis","volume":"42","author":"Adam J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adam J., Lohrmann J., Hoth S., Kukowski N., Oncken O. 2002. Strain variation and partitioning in thrust wedges: High-resolution data from scaled sandbox experiments by 2D\u20133D PIV analysis. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 42, 123\u2013125.","journal-title":"Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(99)00098-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2012.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1342-937X(05)70635-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","volume":"1","author":"Arthaud F.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Arthaud F. 1970. Etude tectonique et microtectonique compar\u00e9e de deux domaines Hercyniens: les nappes de la Montage Noire (France) et l\u2019anticlinorum de l\u2019Iglesiente (Sardaigne). Publications de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier, S\u00e9rie G\u00e9ologie Structurale, 1.","journal-title":"Etude tectonique et microtectonique compar\u00e9e de deux domaines Hercyniens: les nappes de la Montage Noire (France) et l\u2019anticlinorum de l\u2019Iglesiente (Sardaigne)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"La structure et la microtectonique des nappes hercyniennes de la Montagne Noire","author":"Arthaud F.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Arthaud F., Mattauer M., Proust F. 1966. La structure et la microtectonique des nappes hercyniennes de la Montagne Noire. In: Colloque \u201c\u00c9tages Tectoniques\u201d. A la Baconni\u00e8re, Neuch\u00e2tel, 231\u2013247.","journal-title":"Colloque \u201c\u00c9tages Tectoniques\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avouac J.P. 2003. Mountain building erosion and the seismic cycle in the Nepal Himalaya. Advances in Geophysics 46 1\u201380 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S0065-2687(03)46001-9.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2687(03)46001-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","first-page":"797","article-title":"Etude g\u00e9om\u00e9trique et exp\u00e9rimentale d\u2019un bassin transport\u00e9: exemple du synclinorium de l\u2019Alto Beni (Andes centrales)","volume":"166","author":"Baby P.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baby P., Colletta B., Zubieta D. 1995. Etude g\u00e9om\u00e9trique et exp\u00e9rimentale d\u2019un bassin transport\u00e9: exemple du synclinorium de l\u2019Alto Beni (Andes centrales). Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9ologique de France, 166, 797\u2013811.","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9ologique de France"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Lineamenti stratigrafico-strutturali lungo la trasversale Alpi Apuane\u2013Appennino reggiano-modenese","author":"Baldacci F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Baldacci F., Carmignani L., Fantozzi P., Meccheri M., Plesi G. 1992. Lineamenti stratigrafico-strutturali lungo la trasversale Alpi Apuane\u2013Appennino reggiano-modenese. Studi Geologici Camerti, Volume Speciale, 31\u201349.","journal-title":"Studi Geologici Camerti, Volume Speciale"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"157","volume-title":"Fractured Reservoirs","author":"Bazalgette L.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bazalgette L., Petit J.P. 2007. Fold amplification and style transition involving fractured dip-domain boundaries: buckling experiments in brittle paraffin wax multilayers and comparison with natural examples. In: , Lonergan L., Jolly R.J.H., Rawnsley K., Sanderson D.J. (eds) Fractured Reservoirs. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 270, 157\u2013169."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","volume-title":"Etude structurale de la Zone Axiale orientale de la Montagne Noire (Sud du Massif Central Fran\u00e7ais). D\u00e9termination des m\u00e9canismes de d\u00e9formation. Relation avec les nappes du Versant Sud","author":"Beaud F.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Beaud F. 1985. Etude structurale de la Zone Axiale orientale de la Montagne Noire (Sud du Massif Central Fran\u00e7ais). D\u00e9termination des m\u00e9canismes de d\u00e9formation. Relation avec les nappes du Versant Sud. Th\u00e8se 3\u00e8me cycle, Universit\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/414738a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1314.1989.tb00598.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1314.2012.00992.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JB900310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonini M. 2003. Detachment folding fold amplification and diapirism in thrust wedge experiments. Tectonics 22 1065 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1029\/2002TC001458.","DOI":"10.1029\/2002TC001458"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006TC002048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2113\/gssgfbull.179.3.297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d\u2019Italia alla scala 1:50000, Foglio 251 Porretta Terme","author":"Botti F.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Botti F., Daniele G., Baldacci F., Molli G. 2010. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d\u2019Italia alla scala 1:50000, Foglio 251 Porretta Terme. Servizio Geologico d\u2019Italia, Regione Emilia-Romagna, Rome."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1985)13<679:NEWTCH>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Cenozoic Foreland Basins of Western Europe","author":"Burkhard M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burkhard M., Sommaruga A. 1998. Evolution of the western Swiss Molasse basin: structural relations with the Alps and the Jura belt. In: , Mascle A., Puigdefabregas C., Luterbacher H.P., Fernandez M. (eds) Cenozoic Foreland Basins of Western Europe. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134, 279\u2013298."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2006.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/0016-76492007-129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/TC009i006p01275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2008.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2009.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(01)00169-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2007.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JB007472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB089iB12p10125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB089iB12p10087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(85)90033-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JB088iB02p01153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(91)90311-F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(90)90277-F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0263593300013523"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"401","volume-title":"Himalayan Tectonics","author":"England P.","year":"1993","unstructured":"England P., Molnar P. 1993. Cause and effect among thrust and normal faulting, anatectic melting and exhumation in the Himalaya. In: , Treloar P.J., Searle M.P. (eds) Himalayan Tectonics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 74, 401\u2013411."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","first-page":"479","article-title":"Geologia del nucleo Mesozoico della Val di Lima (Provincie di Pistoia e Lucca, Appennino settentrionale). Note illustrative della carta geologica (Scala 1:25000)","volume":"117","author":"Fazzuoli M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fazzuoli M., Becarelli S., et al. 1998. Geologia del nucleo Mesozoico della Val di Lima (Provincie di Pistoia e Lucca, Appennino settentrionale). Note illustrative della carta geologica (Scala 1:25000). Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 117, 479\u2013535.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006TC002085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511777806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00531-010-0512-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","volume":"62","author":"G\u00e8ze B.","year":"1949","unstructured":"G\u00e8ze B. 1949. Etude g\u00e9ologique de la Montagne Noire et des C\u00e9vennes m\u00e9ridionales. M\u00e9moires de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9ologique de France, 62.","journal-title":"Etude g\u00e9ologique de la Montagne Noire et des C\u00e9vennes m\u00e9ridionales"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crte.2008.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2011.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2012.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8141(94)E0048-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/L46.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-3707(02)00016-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1996)024<0135:CBOTWI>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/97JB03541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(97)00096-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/DNAG-GNA-F2.511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/gsjgs.154.1.0073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"An experimental approach to basement-controlled faulting","volume":"56","author":"Horsfield W.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Horsfield W. 1977. An experimental approach to basement-controlled faulting. Geologie en Mijnbouw, 56, 363\u2013370.","journal-title":"Geologie en Mijnbouw"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","series-title":"Geological Society of America, Special Papers","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Tectonics, Climate, and Landscape Evolution","author":"Hoth S.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoth S., Adam J., Kukowski N., Oncken O. 2006. Influence of erosion on the kinematics of bivergent orgens. Results from scaled sandbox simulations. In: , Willett S.D., Hovius N., Brandon M.T., Fisher D.M. (eds) Tectonics, Climate, and Landscape Evolution. Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 398, 201\u2013225."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JB004357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2008.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/GSAB-48-1459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1951)62[355:MBFCFG]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JB002811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2009TC002551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2004GC000794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2011.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(02)00202-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(91)90323-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-3227(02)00171-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/94JB00124"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2117.1995.tb00109.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"431","volume-title":"Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics","author":"Liu S.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Liu S., Dixon M. 1990. Centrifuge modelling of thrust faulting: strain partitioning and sequence of thrusting in duplex structures. In: , Knipe R.J., Rutter E.H. (eds) Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 54, 431\u2013444."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-3066-0_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(03)00005-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2010.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2113\/gssgfbull.S7-XXVI.1.129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/GSATG48A.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_1","unstructured":"Malavieille J. Calassou S. Lallemand S. Larroque C. 1992. Experimental modeling of accretionary wedges. S\u00e9rie cours M037 Producted and realized by SNEA(P) France 28 min."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_1","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Modelisation experimentale des relations tectonique\/sedimentation entre bassin avant-arc et prisme d\u2019accretion","volume":"316","author":"Malavieille J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Malavieille J., Larroque C., Calassou S. 1993. Modelisation experimentale des relations tectonique\/sedimentation entre bassin avant-arc et prisme d\u2019accretion. Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences, 316, 1131\u20131137.","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-5870-1_9","volume-title":"Evolution of Geologic Structures in Micro- to Macro-scale","author":"Mandal N.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mandal N., Chattophdhyay A., Bose S. 1997. Imbricate thrust spacing: experimental and theoritical analyses. In: , Sengupta S. (ed.) Evolution of Geologic Structures in Micro- to Macro-scale. Chapman & Hall, London, 143\u2013165."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Plissement syn-schisteux post-nappe et \u00e9tirement subhorizontal dans le versant sud de la montagne noire","volume":"322","author":"Mattauer M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mattauer M., Laurent P., Matte P. 1996. Plissement syn-schisteux post-nappe et \u00e9tirement subhorizontal dans le versant sud de la montagne noire. Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Academie des Sciences de Paris, 322, 309\u2013315.","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Academie des Sciences de Paris"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"La structure de la virgation hercynienne de Galice (Espagne)","volume":"44","author":"Matte P.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Matte P. 1968. La structure de la virgation hercynienne de Galice (Espagne). G\u00e9ologie Alpine, 44, 157\u2013280.","journal-title":"G\u00e9ologie Alpine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/2007.1200(20)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(76)90047-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_1","series-title":"AAPG Memoirs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1306\/M82813","volume-title":"Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems","author":"McClay K.R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"McClay K.R., Whitehouse P.S. 2004. Analog modeling of doubly vergent thrust wedges. In: , McClay K. (ed.) Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems. AAPG Memoirs, 82, 184\u2013206."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_1","volume-title":"Thrust Tectonics Conference","volume":"45","author":"McClay K.","year":"1999","unstructured":"McClay K., Dooley T., Whitehouse O. 1999. Analogue modelling of thin and thick-skinned thrust systems. In: Thrust Tectonics Conference, London. Paper 18, 45."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpetgeo.2004.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Tectonic Aspects of the Alpine\u2013Dinaride\u2013Carpathian System","author":"Molli G.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Molli G. 2008. Northern Apennine\u2013Corsica orogenic system: an updated overview. In: , Siegesmund S., Fugenschuh B., Froitzheim N. (eds) Tectonic Aspects of the Alpine\u2013Dinaride\u2013Carpathian System. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 298, 413\u2013442."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molli G. Vaselli L. 2006. Structures interference patterns and strain regime during mid-crustal deformation in the Alpi Apuane (Northern Apennine Italy). In : Mazzoli S. Butler R.W.H.\n (eds) Styles of Continental Contraction . Geological Society of America Special Papers 414 79\u201393 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1130\/2006.2414(05).","DOI":"10.1130\/2006.2414(05)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_1","first-page":"789","article-title":"Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Alpi Apuane Metamorphic Complex: new data and constraints for geodynamic models","volume":"1","author":"Molli G.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Molli G., Giorgetti G., Meccheri M. 2002. Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Alpi Apuane Metamorphic Complex: new data and constraints for geodynamic models. Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, Volume Speciale, 1, 789\u2013800.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, Volume Speciale"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(99)00238-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1997)025<0427:TGCBEA>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8141(88)90099-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(92)90117-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1684"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(77)90017-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0016774600021594"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2010.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(91)90060-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(02)00443-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1985)13<507:LSUITM>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_1","series-title":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications","first-page":"427","volume-title":"Thrust and Nappe Tectonics","author":"Price R.A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Price R.A. 1981. The Cordilleran foreland thrust and fold belt in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains. In: , McClay K., Price N.J. (eds) Thrust and Nappe Tectonics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 9, 427\u2013448."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_1","volume-title":"Gravity, Deformation and the Earth\u2019s Crust","author":"Ramberg H.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ramberg H. 1981. Gravity, Deformation and the Earth\u2019s Crust, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_1","volume-title":"Rheology of the Earth","author":"Ranalli G.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ranalli G. 1995. Rheology of the Earth, 2nd edn. Chapman & Hall, London.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(00)00111-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(02)00292-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simancas J. F. Ayarza P. Azor A. Carbonell R. Martinez Poyatos D. P\u00e9rez-Est\u00e0un A. Gonzalez Lodeiro F. A. 2013. A seismic geotraverse across the Iberian Variscides: orogenic shortening collisional magmatism and orocline development. Tectonics 32 417\u2013432 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/tect.20035.","DOI":"10.1002\/tect.20035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2009TC002526"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(01)00021-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_1","series-title":"Geological Society of America, Special Papers","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Whence the Mountains? Inquiries into the Evolution of Orogenic Systems: a Volume in Honor of Raymond A. Price","author":"Stockmal G.S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stockmal G.S., Beaumont C., Nguyen M., Lee B. 2007. Mechanics of thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts: insights from numerical models. In: , Sears J.W., Harms T.A., Evenchick C.A. (eds) Whence the Mountains? Inquiries into the Evolution of Orogenic Systems: a Volume in Honor of Raymond A. Price. Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 433, 63\u201398."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1995)023<0999:IOSSOT>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.1986.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8141(98)00004-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09853111.1992.11105221"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G23931A.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2011.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2003.07.005"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Geological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1144\/jgs2013-012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T12:50:21Z","timestamp":1721825421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/10.1144\/jgs2013-012"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/geoscienceworld.org\/jgs\/article-lookup?doi=10.1144\/jgs2013-012","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,30]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1144\/jgs2013-012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/jgs2013-012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-7649","2041-479X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0016-7649"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2041-479X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,30]]}}}