{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T11:11:33Z","timestamp":1788606693195,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565740800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010AZR98L_002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010AZR98L_002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Upper Lutetian\u2013Bartonian sedimentary m\u00e9langes, corresponding to ancient mud-rich submarine mass transport deposits, are widely distributed over an area\n            <jats:italic>c.<\/jats:italic>\n            300\u2005km long and tens of kilometres wide along the exhumed outer part of the External Ligurian accretionary wedge in the Northern Apennines. The occurrence of methane-derived carbonate concretions (septarians) in a specific tectonostratigraphic position below these sedimentary m\u00e9langes allows us to document the relationships among a significant period of regional-scale slope failure, climate change (the Early and Mid-Eocene Optimum stages), the dissociation of gas hydrates and accretionary tectonics during the Ligurian Tectonic Phase (early\u2013mid-Lutetian). The distribution of septarians at the core of thrust-related anticlines suggests that the dissociation of gas hydrates was triggered by accretionary tectonics rather than climate change. The different ages of slope failure emplacement and the formation of the septarians support the view that the dissociation of gas hydrates was not the most important trigger for slope failure. The latter occurred during a tectonic quiescence stage associated with a regressive depositional trend, and probably minor residual tectonic pulses, which followed the Ligurian Tectonic Phase, favouring the dynamic re-equilibrium of the External Ligurian accretionary wedge. Our findings provide useful information for a better understanding of the factors controlling giant slope failure events in modern accretionary settings, where they may cause tsunamis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/jgs2019-020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T13:58:57Z","timestamp":1562248737000},"page":"575-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mid-Eocene giant slope failure (sedimentary m\u00e9langes) in the Ligurian accretionary wedge (NW Italy) and relationships with tectonics, global climate change and the dissociation of gas hydrates"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5325-0263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Festa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso, 35, 10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Cavagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso, 35, 10125 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0247-0770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Barbero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universit\u00e0 di Ferrara","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6408-0543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Catanzariti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, CNR \u2013 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche","place":["Pisa, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5859-1091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Andrea","family":"Pini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Trieste","place":["Trieste, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/BSSA08601B0S93"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Tectonic and climatic control on deposition of seep-carbonates: the case of middle-late Miocene Salsomaggiore Ridge (Northern Apennines, Italy)","volume":"120","author":"Artoni A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Artoni, A., Conti, S., Turco, E. & Iaccarino, S. 2014. Tectonic and climatic control on deposition of seep-carbonates: the case of middle-late Miocene Salsomaggiore Ridge (Northern Apennines, Italy). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 120, 317\u2013335, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13130\/2039-4942\/6075","journal-title":"Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.1585259"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18814\/epiiugs\/2015\/v38i4\/82421"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2017.1398114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","article-title":"Redefinition of the Ligurian Units at the Alps-Apennines junction (NW-Italy) and their role in the evolution of the Ligurian accretionary wedge: constraints from m\u00e9langes and broken formations","author":"Barbero E.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barbero, E., Festa, A., Saccani, E., Catanzariti, R. & D'Onofrio, R. 2019. Redefinition of the Ligurian Units at the Alps-Apennines junction (NW-Italy) and their role in the evolution of the Ligurian accretionary wedge: constraints from m\u00e9langes and broken formations. Journal of the Geological Society, London, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/jgs2019-022","journal-title":"Journal of the Geological Society, London"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2009.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Sulla posizione stratigrafica delle Septarie nell'estremo nord-occidentale dell'Appennino e nelle colline di Casale","volume":"15","author":"Beatrizzotti G.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Beatrizzotti, G., Boni, A. & Vanossi, M. 1964. Sulla posizione stratigrafica delle Septarie nell'estremo nord-occidentale dell'Appennino e nelle colline di Casale. Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pavia, 15, 24\u201331.","journal-title":"Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pavia"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"I m\u00e9langes dell'Appennino Settentrionale dal T. Tersinaro al T. Sillaro","volume":"39","author":"Bettelli G.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bettelli, G. & Panini, F. 1989. I m\u00e9langes dell'Appennino Settentrionale dal T. Tersinaro al T. Sillaro. Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 39, 187\u2013214.","journal-title":"Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","volume-title":"La Geologia del versante padano dell'Appennino settentrionale","author":"Bettelli G.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bettelli, G., Bertolini, G., Bonazzi, U., Cavazzuti, M., Cuoghi, A., Gasperi, G. & Panini, F. 1987. Carta geologica schematica dell'Appennino Modenese e Zone Limitrofe. In: Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana (ed.) La Geologia del versante padano dell'Appennino settentrionale. Convegno della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, Modena. Guida all'Escursione, STEM-Mucchi, scale 1:100,000."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","first-page":"487","article-title":"Nota illustrativa alla carta geologica dell'Appennino Modenese e Zone Limitrofe","volume":"39","author":"Bettelli G.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bettelli, G., Bonazzi, U., Fazzini, P., Gasperi, G., Gelmini, R. & Panini, F. 1989. Nota illustrativa alla carta geologica dell'Appennino Modenese e Zone Limitrofe. Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 39, 487\u2013498.","journal-title":"Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G19800.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Il livello a septarie dell'Appennino pavese e del Casalese","volume":"3","author":"Boni A.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Boni, A. 1962. Il livello a septarie dell'Appennino pavese e del Casalese. Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 3, 394.","journal-title":"Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative dei Fogli 56\u201357, Torino-Vercelli della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:100,000","author":"Bonsignore G.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Bonsignore, G., Bortolami, G., Elter, G., Montrasio, A., Petrucci, F., Ragni, U. et al. 1969. Note Illustrative dei Fogli 56\u201357, Torino-Vercelli della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:100,000. Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Rome."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2014PA002670"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G34410.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2006.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Chronostratigraphic framework of the External Ligurides (Late Cretaceous, Northern Apennines, Italy) based on calcareous nannofossils","volume":"36","author":"Catanzariti R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Catanzariti, R. & Perilli, N. 2011. Chronostratigraphic framework of the External Ligurides (Late Cretaceous, Northern Apennines, Italy) based on calcareous nannofossils. Ofioliti, 36, 37\u201357.","journal-title":"Ofioliti"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Calcareous nannofossils biostratigraphy of Paleocene to middle Eocene successions (Tertiary Flysch Auctt.) of the Northern Apennines","volume":"21","author":"Catanzariti R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Catanzariti, R. & Perilli, N. 2015. Calcareous nannofossils biostratigraphy of Paleocene to middle Eocene successions (Tertiary Flysch Auctt.) of the Northern Apennines. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 21, 195\u2013215.","journal-title":"Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 217 Neviano degli Arduini","author":"Cerrina Feroni A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cerrina Feroni, A., Ottria, G. & Vescovi, P. 2002. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 217 Neviano degli Arduini. Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Ed. SELCA, Florence."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Geology of Italy","author":"Cerrina Feroni A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cerrina Feroni, A., Ottria, G. & Ellero, A. 2004. The northern Apennines, Italy: geological structure and transpressive evolution. In: Crescenti, U., d'Offizi, S., Merlino, S. & Sacchi, L. (eds) Geology of Italy. International Geological Congress, Special Volume, 32, Geological Society of Italy, Florence, 15\u201332."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1306\/022504740662"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2012.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18814\/epiiugs\/2013\/v36i3\/002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","first-page":"251","article-title":"Petrography and isotope geochemistry of diagenetic carbonates in the lower Cape Phillips Formation, Cornwallis Island, Arctic Archipelago, Canada","volume":"43","author":"Coniglio M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Coniglio, M. & Melchin, M.J. 1995. Petrography and isotope geochemistry of diagenetic carbonates in the lower Cape Phillips Formation, Cornwallis Island, Arctic Archipelago, Canada. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 43, 251\u2013266.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sedgeo.2007.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sedgeo.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.1989.045.01.01"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008PA001683"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10929"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0037-0738(02)00097-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","unstructured":"Dela Pierre F. Piana F. et al. 2003. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla Scala 1:50 000 Foglio 157 \u2018Trino\u2019: Agenzia per la Protezione dell'Ambiente e per i Servizi Tecnici (APAT). Dipartimento Difesa del Suolo Roma."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/95PA02087"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 199 Parma Sud","author":"Di Dio G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Di Dio, G., Lasagna, S., Martini, A. & Zanzucchi, G. 2005. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 199 Parma Sud. APAT \u2013 Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Roma, 180."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","first-page":"375","article-title":"Geohistory of the Ligurian orogenic wedge: first inferences from paleobathymetric data of the Epiligurian sediments","volume":"1","author":"Di Giulio A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Di Giulio, A., Mancin, N. & Martelli, L. 2002. Geohistory of the Ligurian orogenic wedge: first inferences from paleobathymetric data of the Epiligurian sediments. Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 1, 375\u2013384.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2113\/gssgfbull.S7-XVII.6.984"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Gravity and Tectonics","author":"Elter P.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Elter, P. & Trevisan, L. 1973. Olistostromes in the tectonic evolution of the Northern Apennines. In: De Jong, K.A. & Scholten, R. (eds) Gravity and Tectonics. Willey, New York, 175\u2013188."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18814\/epiiugs\/2003\/v26i3\/009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2012.757711"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Oligocene\u2013Neogene kinematic constraints in the retroforeland basin of the Northwestern Alps","volume":"1","author":"Festa A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Festa, A., Piana, F., Dela Pierre, F., Malus\u00e0, M.G., Mosca, P. & Polino, R. 2005. Oligocene\u2013Neogene kinematic constraints in the retroforeland basin of the Northwestern Alps. Rendiconti della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana (nuova serie), 1, 107\u2013108.","journal-title":"Rendiconti della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana (nuova serie)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00206810902949886"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2012.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B30847.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2014.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2014.959569"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00206814.2014.931260"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gr.2016.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gr.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","article-title":"The role of structural inheritance in continental break-up and exhumation of Alpine Tethyan mantle (Canavese Zone, Western Alps)","author":"Festa A.","unstructured":"Festa, A., Balestro, G., Borghi, S., De Caroli, S. & Succo, A. In press a. The role of structural inheritance in continental break-up and exhumation of Alpine Tethyan mantle (Canavese Zone, Western Alps). Geoscience Frontiers, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gsf.2018.11.007.","journal-title":"Geoscience Frontiers"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","article-title":"Diagnostic features and field-criteria in recognition of tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric m\u00e9langes in orogenic belts and exhumed subduction-accretion complexes","author":"Festa A.","unstructured":"Festa, A., Pini, G.A., Ogata, K. & Dilek, Y. In press b. Diagnostic features and field-criteria in recognition of tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric m\u00e9langes in orogenic belts and exhumed subduction-accretion complexes. Gondwana Research, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gr.2019.01.003.","journal-title":"Gondwana Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","volume-title":"Foglio 56 Torino della Carta Geologica d'Italia.","author":"Franchi S.","year":"1925","unstructured":"Franchi, S., Mattirolo, S., Novarese, V., Sacco, F. & Stella, A. 1925. Foglio 56 Torino della Carta Geologica d'Italia. 1st edn. Regio Ufficio Geologico d'Italia, Rome.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 219 Sassuolo","author":"Gasperi G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gasperi, G., Bettelli, G., Panini, F. & Pizziolo, M. 2005. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 219 Sassuolo. APAT \u2013 Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Roma."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-3071-9_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2006.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2004.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B26219.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Sur l'age des couches \u00e0 septarias dans les Apennins d'Alessandria et de Pavia (Italie)","volume":"27","author":"Labesse B.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Labesse, B. 1979. Sur l'age des couches \u00e0 septarias dans les Apennins d'Alessandria et de Pavia (Italie). Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pania, 27\u201328, 101\u2013104.","journal-title":"Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pania"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00367-009-0168-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Le Marne di Montepiano della Val di Nizza (Appennino settentrionale): biostratigrafia integrata e considerazioni paleoambientati","volume":"41","author":"Mancin N.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mancin, N. & Cobianchi, M. 2000. Le Marne di Montepiano della Val di Nizza (Appennino settentrionale): biostratigrafia integrata e considerazioni paleoambientati. Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra, 41, 145\u2013162.","journal-title":"Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Benthic and planktonic foraminifera of the Paleogene Epiligurian Succession (Northern Apennines, Italy): a tool for paleobathymetric reconstruction","volume":"41","author":"Mancin N.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mancin, N. & Pirini, C. 2002. Benthic and planktonic foraminifera of the Paleogene Epiligurian Succession (Northern Apennines, Italy): a tool for paleobathymetric reconstruction. Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Paleontologica Italiana, 41, 187\u2013213.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Paleontologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Foraminiferal biostratigraphic and paleobathymetric constraints in geohistory analysis: the example of the Epiliguria succession of the Secchia Valley (Northern Apennines, Mid Eocene\u2013Late Miocene)","volume":"125","author":"Mancin N.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mancin, N., Martelli, L. & Barbieri, C. 2006. Foraminiferal biostratigraphic and paleobathymetric constraints in geohistory analysis: the example of the Epiliguria succession of the Secchia Valley (Northern Apennines, Mid Eocene\u2013Late Miocene). Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana, 125, 163\u2013186.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Geologica Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00206810903545493"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1998)026<1107:SLAGHC>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1747785"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/PA002i001p00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3809\/jvirtex.2010.00215"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1987)15<1040:TOFZAM>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Morphometry of mass-transport deposits as a predictive tool","volume":"128","author":"Moscardelli L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moscardelli, L. & Wood, L. 2016. Morphometry of mass-transport deposits as a predictive tool. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 128, 47\u201380, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/B31221.1","journal-title":"Geological Society of America Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Il Bacino Terziario Epimesoalpino e le sue implicazioni sui rapporti tra Alpi ed Appennino","volume":"47","author":"Mutti E.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mutti, E., Papani, L., Di Biase, D., Davoli, G., Mora, S., Segadelli, S. & Tinterri, R. 1995. Il Bacino Terziario Epimesoalpino e le sue implicazioni sui rapporti tra Alpi ed Appennino. Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica di Padova, 47, 217\u2013244.","journal-title":"Memorie della Societ\u00e0 Geologica di Padova"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2011.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2014.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_1","article-title":"Substrate deformation and incorporation in sedimentary m\u00e9langes (olistostromes): examples from the northern Apennines (Italy) and northwestern Dinarides (Slovenia)","author":"Ogata K.","unstructured":"Ogata, K., Festa, A., Pini, G.A., Poga\u010dnik \u017d & Lucente, C.C. In press. Substrate deformation and incorporation in sedimentary m\u00e9langes (olistostromes): examples from the northern Apennines (Italy) and northwestern Dinarides (Slovenia). Gondwana Research, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gr.2019.03.001","journal-title":"Gondwana Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_1","volume-title":"Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 237 Sasso Marconi","author":"Panini F.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Panini, F., Bettelli, G. & Pizziolo, M. 2002a. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 237 Sasso Marconi. Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Florence."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Le rocce caotiche dell'Oltrepo Pavese: note illustrative della Carta Geologica dell'Appennino vogherese tra Borgo Priolo e Ruino","volume":"43","author":"Panini F.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Panini, F., Fioroni, C., Fregni, P. & Bonacci, M. 2002b. Le rocce caotiche dell'Oltrepo Pavese: note illustrative della Carta Geologica dell'Appennino vogherese tra Borgo Priolo e Ruino. Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra, 43, 83\u2013109.","journal-title":"Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3301\/ROL.2013.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_1","unstructured":"Papani G. de Nardo M.T. & Vernia L. 2002. Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50 000 \u2013 Foglio 218 \u2018Castelnovo ne\u2019 Monti\u2019: Firenze ISPRA Servizio Geologico d'Italia \u2013 Regione Emilia Romagna. Servizio Geologico d'Italia Florence"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1996)024<0143:ICMSFD>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B31278.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2009.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2000TC900013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0037-0738(01)00232-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0-8137-2335-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-010-0093-2_33"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_1","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Shrinkage cracks: desiccation or synaeresis?","volume":"51","author":"Plummer P.S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Plummer, P.S. & Gostin, V.A. 1981. Shrinkage cracks: desiccation or synaeresis? Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 1147\u20131156, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1306\/212F7E4B-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","journal-title":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3091.2001.00366.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B30065.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/2012.0028(01)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444303810.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ter.12204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"Il Bacino Terziario Piemontese","volume":"31","author":"Sacco F.","year":"1888","unstructured":"Sacco, F. 1888. Il Bacino Terziario Piemontese. Atti della Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 31, 289.","journal-title":"Atti della Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Scienze Naturali"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_1","first-page":"731","article-title":"L'Appennino Settentrionale (parte centrale)","volume":"10","author":"Sacco F.","year":"1891","unstructured":"Sacco, F. 1891. L'Appennino Settentrionale (parte centrale). Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Italiana, 10, 731.","journal-title":"Bollettino della Societ\u00e0 Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/gsjgs.138.2.0153"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2010GC003431"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2014.38"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_1","volume-title":"Descrizione Geologica della Provincia di Pavia con annessa Carta Geologica","author":"Taramelli T.","year":"1916","unstructured":"Taramelli, T. 1916. Descrizione Geologica della Provincia di Pavia con annessa Carta Geologica. De Agostini, Novara."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2006.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JF002720"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2013.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01204496"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Il problema delle Septarie","author":"Vanossi M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Vanossi, M. 1964. Il problema delle Septarie. Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pavia, XV, 32\u201388.","journal-title":"Atti dell'Istituto Geologico dell'Universit\u00e0 di Pavia"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Schema evolutivo per le Liguri dell'Appennino Settentrionale","volume":"36","author":"Vescovi P.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vescovi, P. 1993. Schema evolutivo per le Liguri dell'Appennino Settentrionale. Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra, 36, 89\u2013112.","journal-title":"Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_1","unstructured":"Vescovi P. 2002. Note Illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 Foglio 216 Borgo Val di Taro. Servizio Geologico d'Italia. SELCA Florence."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"The Basal Complex stratigraphy of the Helmintoid Monte Cassio Flysch: a key to the Eo-Alpine tectonics of the Northern Apennines","volume":"105","author":"Vescovi P.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vescovi, P., Fornaciari, E., Rio, D. & Valloni, R. 1999. The Basal Complex stratigraphy of the Helmintoid Monte Cassio Flysch: a key to the Eo-Alpine tectonics of the Northern Apennines. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 105, 101\u2013128.","journal-title":"Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G20563.1"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Geological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1144\/jgs2019-020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T12:30:41Z","timestamp":1733229041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/10.1144\/jgs2019-020"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/geoscienceworld.org\/jgs\/article-lookup?doi=10.1144\/jgs2019-020","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1144\/jgs2019-020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/jgs2019-020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-7649","2041-479X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-7649","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-479X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-23","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}