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The carbonate fraction that displays seawater-like rare earth element (REE\u2009+\u2009Y) signatures is often more radiogenic than the dispersed terrigenous material in the samples. Hence, its Nd isotope composition is interpreted to correspond to the seawater from which the micrite was precipitated. The seawater on the Karatau platform exhibited an extremely wide range of \u03b5\n            <jats:sub>Nd<\/jats:sub>\n            (t) values from \u20139.3 to +4.3 (the most radiogenic value measured for past seawater to date) and very uniform Sm\/Nd ratios, from 0.19 to 0.22, lying within the range characteristic for modern oceanic water. The temporal trend in \u03b5\n            <jats:sub>Nd<\/jats:sub>\n            (t) values is interpreted to document the final closure of the Uralian\u2013Turkestan Ocean. It shows that the subduction along Kazakhstan's active margin had already started at the beginning of the Tournaisian (\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 355\u2005Ma), at least 23 Myr earlier than previously thought. The application of Nd isotope time series on biostratigraphically dated carbonates opens a new direction for geotectonic studies. This approach has the potential to provide useful constraints for the precise dating of the duration of geotectonic and volcanic events.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p content-type=\"supplementary-material\">\n            <jats:bold>Supplementary material:<\/jats:bold>\n            Nd isotope and REE concentration data, summary of stratigraphic and lithological data, field photographs and additional geochemical plots are available at:\n            <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" specific-use=\"dataset is-supplemented-by\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.c.5110163\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.c.5110163<\/jats:ext-link>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/jgs2020-077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,5]],"date-time":"2020-09-05T00:45:23Z","timestamp":1599266723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Nd isotope record of ocean closure archived in limestones of the Devonian\u2013Carboniferous carbonate platform, Greater Karatau, southern Kazakhstan"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"178","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9634-610X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z.","family":"Belka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Isotope Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9281-4244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Dopieralska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, 61-612 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7995-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Jakubowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isotope Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8314-5533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Skompski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6809-1725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Walczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isotope Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680 Poznan, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1104-6939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Korn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museum f\u00fcr Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Evolutions- und Biodiversit\u00e4tsforschung, 10115 Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6364-874X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Siepak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680 Poznan, Poland"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G37114.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(97)00218-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2008.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crte.2008.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","unstructured":"Agilent 2013. 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