{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T16:15:19Z","timestamp":1788106519484,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/publications\/lyell-collection\/user-license-1-1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":359,"URL":"https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/publications\/lyell-collection\/user-license-1-2"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004055","name":"KFUPM","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CPG21107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPG21107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The western margin of the Arabian Shield along the Red Sea between Jordan and Yemen is littered with numerous (mostly mid-Miocene to Quaternary) basalt fields known as harrats. Harrat Uwayrid consists of a NW\u2013SE-oriented elongated field that extends for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">c.<\/jats:italic>\n                    230\u2005km in NW Saudi Arabia. The magmatic activities include older alkaline lava flows of transitional basalt, alkali basalt, hawaiite and basanite, together with younger scoria basanite that erupted through the central segment of the older lavas. Based on chondrite-normalized Sm\/Yb v. La\/Yb and Tb\/Yb v. La\/Sm diagrams, we show that the older transitional lavas were generated from spinel lherzolite, whereas the younger lavas were generated from garnet lherzolite. The primitive-mantle-normalized patterns are similar to those of ocean island basalts.\n                    <jats:sup>40<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ar\/\n                    <jats:sup>39<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ar plateau dating yields eruption ages of 10.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 to 9.87\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04\u2005Ma (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093) for the older alkaline basalts and 0.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03 to 0.16\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2005Ma (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095) for the younger basanites. The\n                    <jats:sup>143<\/jats:sup>\n                    Nd\/\n                    <jats:sup>144<\/jats:sup>\n                    Nd ratios for both the older lavas and the younger scoria are 0.51285\u20130.51292 and\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>\u03b5<\/mml:mi>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    <jats:sub>Nd<\/jats:sub>\n                    (4.0\u20135.4) is positive; the ratios of\n                    <jats:sup>87<\/jats:sup>\n                    Sr\/\n                    <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>\n                    Sr are low (0.7032\u20130.7039). The range of\n                    <jats:sup>206<\/jats:sup>\n                    Pb\/\n                    <jats:sup>204<\/jats:sup>\n                    Pb (18.5305\u201319.3701) values and the\n                    <jats:sup>143<\/jats:sup>\n                    Nd\/\n                    <jats:sup>144<\/jats:sup>\n                    Nd v.\n                    <jats:sup>87<\/jats:sup>\n                    Sr\/\n                    <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>\n                    Sr ratios overlap those of FOcal ZOne (FOZO)-type mantle; we interpret this FOZO signature to indicate metasomatism of the asthenosphere from slabs subducted during the construction of the 900\u2013550\u2005Ma Arabian\u2013Nubian Shield. Harrat Uwayrid records (possibly plume-related) potential temperatures of 1400\u20131490\u00b0C and pressures of 2.0\u20134.4\u2005GPa (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">c.<\/jats:italic>\n                    70\u2013140\u2005km depth), which are within the range of the Afar plume. Some Harrat Uwayrid scoria and lava also fall within the isotopic range of basalts in the Red Sea trough, Yemini flood basalts and Afar plume basalts. After the collision of Arabia\u2013Eurasia in the Miocene, the subsequent eastern movement of the Arabian Shield caused asymmetrical drag of the upwelling asthenosphere (and possibly also the Afar plume) and the magma chambers to a location beneath the western limb of the Arabian Shield.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/jgs2024-280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T02:47:51Z","timestamp":1744944471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Asymmetrical magma chamber beneath the Red Sea system controlled Cenozoic alkaline magmatism on the western margin of the Arabian Shield"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"182","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9193-9002","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scott A.","family":"Whattam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5686-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mining Engineering","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]},{"name":"University of Kurdistan","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oktarian","family":"Iskandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mutasim","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","place":["Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Heaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences","place":["Corvalis, USA"]},{"name":"Oregon State University","place":["Corvalis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Nouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mining Engineering","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]},{"name":"University of Kurdistan","place":["Sanandaj, Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanick Brice","family":"Lemdjou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring","place":["Changsha, China"]},{"name":"(Ministry of Education), School of Geosciences and Info-Physics","place":["Changsha, China"]},{"name":"Central South University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Koppers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences","place":["Corvalis, USA"]},{"name":"Oregon State University","place":["Corvalis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2004.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2012.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-4930-3_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2019.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.precamres.2021.106474"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1180\/minmag.1994.58A.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petroj\/38.10.1359"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008GC002107"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","unstructured":"Bellieni G. Justin Visentin E. Le Maitre R.W. Piccirillo E. and Mand Zanettin B. 1983. Proposal for a division of the basaltic (B) field of the TAS diagram. IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks Circular No. 38 Contribution No.102."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(02)00418-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2010.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","first-page":"G1","volume-title":"Saudi Arabia Mineral Resources Bulletin","author":"Blank H.R.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Blank, H.R. 1977. Aeromagnetic and geologic study of tertiary dikes and related structures on the Arabian margins of the Red Sea. Saudi Arabia Mineral Resources Bulletin, 22, G1\u2013G18."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45201-1_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjes-2016-0019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown G.F. Schmidt D.L. and Huffman A.C. 1989. Geology of the Arabian Peninsula. Shield Area of Western Saudi Arabia. US Geological Survey Professional Papers 560-A.","DOI":"10.3133\/pp560A"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7312\/karn12738-002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.2006.259.01.05"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/92JB00943"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1991)103<0363:TACABP>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.072A.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-0273(00)00189-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2010.12.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-4930-3_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-0273(89)90078-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2022GC010610"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_1","series-title":"Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics","volume-title":"Geologic Evolution of the Red Sea","author":"Coleman R.G.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Coleman, R.G. 1993. Geologic Evolution of the Red Sea. Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, 24. Oxford University Press, Oxford."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_1","unstructured":"Coleman R.G. Gregory R.T. and Brown G.F. 1983. Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks of Saudi Arabia. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-788."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/93JB02576"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2013.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1994)106<1474:GEOTSR>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(01)00509-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/GES01625.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2016.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/27417"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/30.4.791"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/Special_Volume.1.225"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(81)90141-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00445-016-1092-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/94JB00649"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2016.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(95)00217-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(99)00221-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(95)00097-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggt116"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2007.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2011.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/309753a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.256.5056.517"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(97)00064-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(99)00145-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_53_1","unstructured":"Ibrahim K.M. 1993. The Geological Framework for the Harrat Ash Shaam Basaltic Super-Group and Its Volcanotectonic Evolution. Geology Directorate Geological Mapping Division Natural Resources Authority Amman Jordan Bulletin 25."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_54_1","unstructured":"Ibrahim K.M. 1996. The Regional Geology of Al Azraq Area. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Natural Resources Authority Amman Jordan Bulletin 36."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(2001)029<0171:NKAAOB>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G20516.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_57_1","volume-title":"The Geology of the Saudi Arabian Shield","author":"Johnson P.R.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johnson, P.R. and Kattan, F.H. 2012. The Geology of the Saudi Arabian Shield. Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.2003.206.01.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-908X.2015.00342.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2007.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GC000433"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_62_1","volume-title":"Characteristics of Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System","author":"Kaz'min V.G.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kaz'min, V.G. 1977. Characteristics of Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System. Izd. Nauka, Sib. Otd., Novosibirsk [in Russian]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/SP420.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/jgs.158.2.285"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_65_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"The Afro-Arabian rift system","volume":"62","author":"Khan M.A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Khan, M.A. 1975. The Afro-Arabian rift system. Science Progress, Oxford, 62, 207\u2013236.","journal-title":"Science Progress, Oxford"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-3004(01)00095-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2401"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2015.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egm028"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1154339"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GC007463"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/27.3.745"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2008.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sesci.2016.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00410-008-0314-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.2006.259.01.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(94)00140-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/29.3.625"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00204-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/303577a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/96GL02301"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_82_1","unstructured":"Moufti M.R. and Hashad M.H. 2005. Volcanic Hazards Assessment of Saudi Arabian Harrats: Geochemical and Isotopic Studies of Selected Areas of Active Makkah\u2013Madinah\u2013Nafud (MMN) Volcanic Rocks. Final Project Report LGP-5-27. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_83_1","unstructured":"Moufti M.R. Matsah M.I. Soliman M.A. and Moghazi A.M. 2011. Arabian Plume Dynamics Beneath Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah Region and Its Related Geohazards. Final Project Report ARP-26-79. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gr.2011.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quageo.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/2011.2478(03)"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pallister J.S. 1986. Red-Sea Rift Magmatism Near Al Lith Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-565.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr86565"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1987)98<400:MHORSR>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GC001895"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_90_1","series-title":"Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks: Applications for Massive Sulphide Exploration","author":"Pearce J.A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pearce, J.A. 1996. A user's guide to basalt discrimination diagrams. In: Pearce, J.A. and Wyman, D.A. (eds) Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks: Applications for Massive Sulphide Exploration. Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes, 12, 113."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JB010719"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(00)00012-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egr065"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B35560.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/physci242002a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(91)90223-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-012-0525-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(70)90009-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egg052"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(77)90060-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(92)90161-N"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(97)00156-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.22.050194.001535"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-earth-071620-052109"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2012.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2004GC000824"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.1989.042.01.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_110_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Error Analysis: The Study of Uncertainties in Physical Measurements","author":"Taylor J.R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taylor, J.R. 1997. An Introduction to Error Analysis: The Study of Uncertainties in Physical Measurements. University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07688"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JB004130"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2010.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/93GL00050"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(97)00092-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggab014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JB000209"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egl003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06687"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(77)90057-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-5362(91)90107-A"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JB013805"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_123_1","first-page":"324","article-title":"Least squares fitting fa straight line with correlated errors","volume":"5","author":"York D.","year":"1969","unstructured":"York, D. 1969. Least squares fitting fa straight line with correlated errors. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 5, 324\u2013324.","journal-title":"Earth Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/42.4.685"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(90)90101-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(96)00162-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.14.050186.002425"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(00)00243-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Geological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1144\/jgs2024-280","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T15:38:43Z","timestamp":1788104323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.lyellcollection.org\/doi\/10.1144\/jgs2024-280"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/jgs\/article\/182\/5\/jgs2024-280\/653685\/asymmetrical-magma-chamber-beneath-the-red-sea","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":127,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1144\/jgs2024-280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/jgs2024-280","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-7649","2041-479X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-7649","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-479X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-16","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jgs2024-280"}}