{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T17:02:00Z","timestamp":1770483720392,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PYGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Biostratigraphical data frequently consist of tables indicating the presence, absence or relative abundance of taxa in a sequence of rock units or time units such as biozones or various chronostratigraphic units. Spreadsheet programs provide a simple means for managing this data and can be used for archiving and disseminating it, in addition to manipulating it. A simple spreadsheet (\u2018GrapEl\u2019) is used to link the biozonal ranges of graptolite taxa to illustrations of representative or type specimens. Use of the filtering function enables the rapid selection of species from particular biozones, or species belonging to particular genera, and is intended to assist workers with a limited working knowledge of the faunas concerned. This approach is briefly compared to other uses of spreadsheets and databases in the management, analysis and distribution of graptolite biostratigraphical data.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p content-type=\"supplementary-material\">\n            <jats:bold>Supplementary material:<\/jats:bold>\n            \u2018GrapEl\u2019 spreadsheets are available at\n            <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18504\">http:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/SUP18504<\/jats:ext-link>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/pygs.58.4.298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,6]],"date-time":"2011-12-06T18:29:39Z","timestamp":1323196179000},"page":"247-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["GrapEl \u2013 a simple spreadsheet application for managing and disseminating graptolite biozonal range chart data"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Michael P. A.","family":"Howe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Geoscience Data Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Large databases in paleontology","volume":"36","author":"Benton M. J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benton M. J. 2004. Large databases in paleontology. Abstracts with Programs Geological Society of America, 36, 5, 210.","journal-title":"Abstracts with Programs Geological Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"The geology of the country between Rhayader (Radnorshire) and Abergwesyn (Breconshire)","volume":"39","author":"Davies K. A.","year":"1928","unstructured":"Davies K. A. 1928. The geology of the country between Rhayader (Radnorshire) and Abergwesyn (Breconshire). 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Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London, 1\u201340.","journal-title":"Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","first-page":"152","article-title":"Using the Neptune Database to explore Mesozoic-Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and the deep sea microfossil record","volume":"36","author":"Leckie R. M.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Leckie R. M., Cervato C., Huber B. T., Clark K., Diver P. L., Hooks K. 2004. Using the Neptune Database to explore Mesozoic-Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and the deep sea microfossil record. Abstracts with Programs Geological Society of America, 36, 5, 152.","journal-title":"Abstracts with Programs Geological Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"PalaeoSaurus; a paleontological collections resource in the Web 2.0 era","volume":"9","author":"McCormick T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCormick T. 2009. PalaeoSaurus; a paleontological collections resource in the Web 2.0 era. Abstracts North American Paleontological Convention, 9, 25.","journal-title":"Abstracts North American Paleontological Convention"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","first-page":"xxxviii","volume-title":"A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian Fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge","author":"Morris J.","year":"1873","unstructured":"Morris J. 1873. Summary of the contents of the catalogue, Table of Genera & Index, Addenda. In: , Salter J. W. 1873. A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian Fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, xxxviii\u2013xl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gj.3350110205"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","first-page":"499","volume-title":"Ordovician of the World","author":"Sadler P. M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sadler P. M., Cooper R. A. 2011. Graptoloid evolutionary rates: sharp contrast between Ordovician and Silurian. In: , Guti\u00e9rrez-Marco J. C., R\u00e1bano I., Garc\u00eda-Bellido D. (eds) Ordovician of the World. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 14. Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a, Madrid, 499\u2013503."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/B26357.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","volume-title":"A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian Fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge","author":"Salter J. W.","year":"1873","unstructured":"Salter J. W. 1873. A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian Fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge. 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