{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T04:38:09Z","timestamp":1774499889878,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PYGS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            An isolated tooth belonging to the chondrichthyan genus\n            <jats:italic>Edestus<\/jats:italic>\n            Leidy 1856, has been found near Bollington, Cheshire, England, in beds of the Yeadonian Substage of the Namurian Stage (Bashkirian Standard Stage, Pennsylvanian Subsystem). The tooth is tentatively referred to\n            <jats:italic>Edestus newtoni<\/jats:italic>\n            Woodward 1917, based on similarity of the crown morphology to that of the holotype and only previously known specimen. It shows some differences from the holotype, which probably represent variation within the species. The extended base distinguishes it from\n            <jats:italic>Carcharopsis<\/jats:italic>\n            Agassiz 1843, a genus which is not closely related to\n            <jats:italic>Edestus<\/jats:italic>\n            , but which is sometimes mistaken for it. Several teeth from the Serpukhovian Stage (upper Mississippian) of Britain and Ireland, previously considered to represent a new species of\n            <jats:italic>Edestus<\/jats:italic>\n            , are referred to\n            <jats:italic>Carcharopsis<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/pygs2013-325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T15:39:06Z","timestamp":1372088346000},"page":"187-194","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A tooth of\n            <i>Edestus<\/i>\n            from the early Pennsylvanian of Cheshire, UK"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Wayne M.","family":"Itano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA"},{"name":"Present address: 1995 Dartmouth Ave., Boulder, CO 80305, USA"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","volume-title":"Recherches sur les poissons fossiles","author":"Agassiz L.","year":"1843","unstructured":"Agassiz L. 1843. Recherches sur les poissons fossiles. Vol. 3. Petitpierre, Neuch\u00e2tel (Switzerland)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"The Pennines and adjacent areas","author":"Aitkenhead N.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aitkenhead N., Barclay W.J., Brandon A., et al. 2002. The Pennines and adjacent areas. 4th ed. British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"1010","article-title":"A Physonemus spine from the Pennsylvanian of West Virgina","volume":"31","author":"Baird D.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Baird D. 1957. A Physonemus spine from the Pennsylvanian of West Virgina. Journal of Paleontology, 31, 1010\u20131018.","journal-title":"Journal of Paleontology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"New investigations of Helicoprion from the Phosphoria Formation of south-east Idaho, U.S.A","volume":"14","author":"Bendix-Almgreen S.E.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Bendix-Almgreen S.E. 1966. New investigations of Helicoprion from the Phosphoria Formation of south-east Idaho, U.S.A. Biologiske Skrifter udgivet af det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 14, 1\u201354.","journal-title":"Biologiske Skrifter udgivet af det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Gastrioceras cancellatum (sp. nov.) at Meanwood, Leeds","volume":"19","author":"Bisat W.S.","year":"1923","unstructured":"Bisat W.S. 1923. Gastrioceras cancellatum (sp. nov.) at Meanwood, Leeds. Transactions of the Leeds Geological Association, 19, 47\u201350.","journal-title":"Transactions of the Leeds Geological Association"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1144\/pygs.20.1.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Palaeontological Department Sectional Report","author":"Chatwin C.P.","year":"1938","unstructured":"Chatwin C.P., Stubblefield C.J., Anderson F.W. 1938. 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Second bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. Volume 1. Carnegie Institution, Washington (DC)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","first-page":"649","article-title":"On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia","volume":"1880","author":"Huxley T.H.","year":"1880","unstructured":"Huxley T.H. 1880. On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1880, 649\u2013662.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08912963.2012.658569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","first-page":"258","article-title":"Ueber die Organisation der Petalodonten","volume":"51","author":"Jaekel O.","year":"1899","unstructured":"Jaekel O. 1899. 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