{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:12:38Z","timestamp":1771481558924,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,23]],"date-time":"2015-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427068800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["QJEGH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The performance of a large open-loop groundwater cooling scheme in a shallow alluvial aquifer at a prominent public building in Central London has been monitored closely over its first 2\u2009years of operation. The installed system provided cooling to the site continuously for a period of 9\u2009months between June 2012 and April 2013. During this period,\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 131300\u2009m\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            of groundwater was abstracted from a single pumping well and recharged into a single injection borehole. The amount of heat rejected in this period amounts to\n            <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n            . 1.37\u2009GWh. A programme of hydraulic testing was subsequently undertaken over a 3\u2009month period between July and October 2013 to evaluate the performance of the injection borehole. The data indicate no significant change in injection performance between commissioning trials undertaken in 2010 and the most recent period of testing, as evidenced by comparison of injection pressures for given flow rates in 2010 and 2013. Continuous temperature monitoring of the abstracted water, the discharge and a number of observation wells demonstrates the evolution of a heat plume in the aquifer in response to heat rejection and subsequent dissipation of this heat during the 18\u2009month planned cessation.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/qjegh2014-090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T02:03:13Z","timestamp":1427162593000},"page":"94-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Groundwater reinjection and heat dissipation: lessons from the operation of a large groundwater cooling system in Central London"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Birks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parsons Brinckerhoff, Queen Victoria House, Redland Hill, Redland, Bristol BS6 US, UK"},{"name":"School of Engineering, James Watt Building (South), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"}]},{"given":"P. L.","family":"Younger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, James Watt Building (South), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Tavendale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parsons Brinckerhoff, Amber Court, William Armstrong Drive, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 7YQ, UK"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Coutts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parsons Brinckerhoff, 6 Devonshire Square, London EC2M 4YE, UK"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Parkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering &amp; Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Button","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Fordham LLP, 42\u201343 Gloucester Crescent, London NW1 7PE, UK"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Whittall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Worley Parsons, Parkview, Great West Road, Brentford TW8 9AZ, UK"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-008-0427-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banks D. 2011. The application of analytical solutions to the thermal plume from a well doublet ground source heating or cooling scheme. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 44 191\u2013197 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1144\/1470-9236\/09-028.","DOI":"10.1144\/1470-9236\/09-028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birks D. Whittall S. Savill I. Younger P.L. Parkin G. 2013. Groundwater cooling of a large building using a shallow alluvial aquifer in central London. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 46 189\u2013202 http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1144\/qjegh2012-059.","DOI":"10.1144\/qjegh2012-059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","unstructured":"Bucherer E. Roberts J. Dedic M. 2006. Site Investigation Report EDFE Bankside Substation Modernisation . Unpublished report by Concept Site Investigations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clarkson M.H. Birks D. Younger P.L. Carter A. Cone S. 2009. 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