{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:03:21Z","timestamp":1771481001539,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]],"date-time":"2018-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518998400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic","award":["LO1406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LO1406"]}]},{"name":"The Czech Academy of Sciences","award":["RVO: 68145535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RVO: 68145535"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["QJEGH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Slate is a traditional stone product that has long been used for roofing widely around the world. The presence of iron sulphides is one of the most significant factors affecting roofing slate resistance to weathering and, therefore, the quality of slates and their use in construction. Iron sulphide oxidation is the main process of roofing slate degradation. Qualitative and quantitative analyses to determine iron sulphides in roofing slates are usually conducted using transmitted and reflected light microscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. However, this paper presents X-ray computed micro-tomography as a new laboratory method in this field, which also allows for 3D visualization and analysis of iron sulphide distribution in roofing slates. It also discusses some technical limits of this technique and tomographic scan interpretation pitfalls. The results obtained by tomographic observations were subsequently verified by optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, as well as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses. Spanish slate from the Ordovician Luarca Formation and Culm slate from the Moravice Formation in the Czech Republic are both characterized by low to extremely low iron sulphide content, and for this reason were selected for this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/qjegh2016-108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,20]],"date-time":"2018-02-20T01:25:32Z","timestamp":1519089932000},"page":"169-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Utilization of X-ray computed micro-tomography to evaluate iron sulphide distribution in roofing slates"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Vavro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomechanics and Mining Research, Institute of Geonics of the CAS, Studentsk\u00e1 1768, 708 00 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sou\u010dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomechanics and Mining Research, Institute of Geonics of the CAS, Studentsk\u00e1 1768, 708 00 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Dan\u011bk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, V\u0160B \u2013 Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15\/2172, 708 33 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mat\u00fdsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, V\u0160B \u2013 Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15\/2172, 708 33 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Georgiovsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomechanics and Mining Research, Institute of Geonics of the CAS, Studentsk\u00e1 1768, 708 00 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Zaj\u00edcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomechanics and Mining Research, Institute of Geonics of the CAS, Studentsk\u00e1 1768, 708 00 Ostrava \u2013 Poruba, Czech Republic"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tomography of Materials and Structures (ICTMS 2013)","author":"C\u00e1rdenes V.","year":"2013","unstructured":"C\u00e1rdenes, V., Cnudde, V., De Boever, W. & Mateos, F.J. 2013a. Micro-CT and mercury intrusion porosimetry characterization of the fabric of roofing slate. In: Cnudde, V. (ed.) Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tomography of Materials and Structures (ICTMS 2013). Ghent University, Ghent, 225\u2013228."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemer.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2014.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2015.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","volume-title":"Engineering Geology for Tomorrow's Cities","author":"Czerewko M.A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Czerewko, M.A. & Cripps, J.C. 2006. Sulfate and sulfide minerals in the UK and their implications for the built environment. In: Culshaw, M., Reeves, H., Spink, T. & Jerrerson, I. (eds) Engineering Geology for Tomorrow's Cities. The Geological Society of London, London, Engineering Geology Special Publication 22, IAEG2006 CD paper number 121, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/EGSP22.I."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","volume-title":"Genesis Spectrum User's Manual","author":"EDAX","year":"2003","unstructured":"EDAX 2003. Genesis Spectrum User's Manual. Edax, Mahwah, NJ."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3989\/mc.2002.v52.i266.334","article-title":"Determination of iron sulphides in roofing slates from the north west of Spain","volume":"52","author":"Garc\u00eda-Guinea J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Guinea, J., C\u00e1rdenes, V., Lombardero, M. & Desiloniz, M.I. 2002. Determination of iron sulphides in roofing slates from the north west of Spain. 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