{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T11:05:23Z","timestamp":1749467123226,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513123200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["SFRH \/ BD \/ 43845 \/ 2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH \/ BD \/ 43845 \/ 2008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["QJEGH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The design of complex underground structures in an urban environment requires in the first instance an appropriate characterization and interpretation of the ground conditions and of the mechanical behaviour of soil formations in the ground profile. With such information it is then possible to select and calibrate appropriate soil constitutive models for application in advanced numerical analysis, with the objective of predicting the induced ground movements and the potential damage to existing structures and services. This paper provides an interpretation of the site investigation data collected for the numerical analysis and design of the Ivens shaft excavation in Lisbon, Portugal. For the first time a comprehensive set of interpreted data is obtained for two of the main formations in the Lisbon area, Argilas e Calc\u00e1rios dos Prazeres (AP) and Areolas da Estef\u00e2nia (AE), improving the understanding of their mechanical behaviour and making the data available for application in most soil constitutive frameworks. It is evident from the results that even with careful testing procedures the data may appear to be inconsistent, requiring further assumptions when deriving soil parameters. Such assumptions are discussed and emphasis is placed on the need to combine data from laboratory and field investigations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/qjegh2016-139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T01:20:19Z","timestamp":1513214419000},"page":"96-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Geotechnical characterization of the Miocene formations at the location of Ivens shaft, Lisbon"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0271-7243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Pedro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3092-0628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidija","family":"Zdravkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Almeida e Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1680\/geot.1997.47.3.693"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","unstructured":"Antunes M.T. Legoinha P. Cunha P.P. & Pais J. 2000. High resolution stratigraphy and Miocene facies correlation in Lisbon and Setubal Peninsula (Lower Tagus basin Portugal). In : Proceedings of the 1st Congress about the Cenozoic Era in Portugal Lisbon UNL 183\u2013190."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","volume-title":"D 2487, Standard practice \u2013 Classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system)","author":"ASTM","year":"2006","unstructured":"ASTM 2006. D 2487, Standard practice \u2013 Classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system). American Society for Testing and Materials, West Ponshohocken, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to the Mechanics of Soils and Foundations through Critical State Soil Mechanics","author":"Atkinson J.H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Atkinson, J.H. 1993. An Introduction to the Mechanics of Soils and Foundations through Critical State Soil Mechanics. 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Characterization of \u2018Areolas da Estef\u00e2nia\u2019 formation from the numerical modelling of the pressuremeter test. Geotecnia, 113, 5\u201321 [in Portuguese]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1680\/geot.2007.57.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198562245.001.0001","volume-title":"Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics","author":"Ishihara K.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ishihara, K. 1996. Soil Behaviour in Earthquake Geotechnics. Oxford Engineering Science Series, 46. Oxford University Press, Oxford."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","unstructured":"Kokusho T. 1987. In situ dynamic soil properties and their evaluation. 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