{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:25:52Z","timestamp":1753885552652,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Geological Society of London","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-010"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-002"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-033"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.lyellcollection.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SJG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A slab of cephalopod limestone bears a dedicatory Latin inscription on the mausoleum built around 1684 by Sir John Clerk of Penicuik (1649\u20131722) for his wife Elizabeth Henderson (1658\u201383) at St Mungo's Church, Penicuik, near Edinburgh, Scotland. The stone is identified on sedimentological and palaeontological evidence and historical context as Ordovician \u2018orthoceratite limestone\u2019 from Sweden, probably the island of \u00d6land, rather than Carboniferous cephalopod limestone from the much nearer Closeburn area of Dumfriesshire. \u2018Orthoceratite limestone\u2019 was little used in Great Britain, and mainly as paving, so its use in a funerary monument is unusual. It is, however, paralleled by contemporary examples at Winchester Cathedral. The Penicuik slab was probably imported either directly from Sweden, or through Rotterdam or another Netherlands entrep\u00f4t. It is the only surviving historical example of this stone known in Edinburgh and the Lothians, probably because of changing fashions, building demolition and renewal of worn paving. The inscription shows errors of composition, carving and installation, ascribed to inexperience or haste. The employment of \u2018orthoceratite limestone\u2019 is interpreted as seeking to emulate Roman use of marbles and similar ornamental stones. It contributes to the Penicuik mausoleum's significance as a pioneering example of classical or Antique architecture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1144\/sjg2022-007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T11:18:11Z","timestamp":1675423091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The geological and historical milieu of an ornamental cephalopod limestone (\u2018orthoceratite limestone\u2019, Ordovician, Sweden) used in the Clerk Mausoleum (1684), St Mungo's Kirkyard, Penicuik, Scotland"],"prefix":"10.1144","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1495-8215","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Chambers St., Edinburgh EH1 1JF, UK"},{"name":"School of Museum Studies, University of Leicester, 19 University Road, Leicester LE1 7RF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly British Geological Survey","place":["Edinburgh, UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Chambers St., Edinburgh EH1 1JF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyall I.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Chambers St., Edinburgh EH1 1JF, UK"},{"name":"School of Museum Studies, University of Leicester, 19 University Road, Leicester LE1 7RF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1881","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_1","volume-title":"A History of the University of Oxford, its Colleges, Halls, and Public Buildings","author":"Ackermann R.","year":"1814","unstructured":"Ackermann, R. 1814. 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